TY - JOUR
T1 - Lipids, oxidized lipids, oxidation-specific epitopes, and Age-related Macular Degeneration
AU - Handa, James T.
AU - Cano, Marisol
AU - Wang, Lei
AU - Datta, Sayantan
AU - Liu, Tongyun
N1 - Funding Information:
National Eye Institute EY019044 (JTH) EY14005 (JTH), RPE Senior Scientist Award (JTH), Wilmer Core Grant EY001765, unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness to the Wilmer Eye Institute, Gifts from the Merlau family and Aleda Wright. Dr. Handa is the Robert Bond Welch Professor of Ophthalmology.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2017/4/1
Y1 - 2017/4/1
N2 - Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among the elderly in western societies. While antioxidant micronutrient treatment is available for intermediate non-neovascular disease, and effective anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment is available for neovascular disease, treatment for early AMD is lacking due to an incomplete understanding of the early molecular events. The role of lipids, which accumulate in the macula, and their oxidation, has emerged as an important factor in disease development. These oxidized lipids can either directly contribute to tissue injury or react with amine on proteins to form oxidation-specific epitopes, which can induce an innate immune response. If inadequately neutralized, the inflammatory response from these epitopes can incite tissue injury during disease development. This review explores how the accumulation of lipids, their oxidation, and the ensuing inflammatory response might contribute to the pathogenesis of AMD. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lipid modification and lipid peroxidation products in innate immunity and inflammation edited by Christoph J. Binder.
AB - Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among the elderly in western societies. While antioxidant micronutrient treatment is available for intermediate non-neovascular disease, and effective anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment is available for neovascular disease, treatment for early AMD is lacking due to an incomplete understanding of the early molecular events. The role of lipids, which accumulate in the macula, and their oxidation, has emerged as an important factor in disease development. These oxidized lipids can either directly contribute to tissue injury or react with amine on proteins to form oxidation-specific epitopes, which can induce an innate immune response. If inadequately neutralized, the inflammatory response from these epitopes can incite tissue injury during disease development. This review explores how the accumulation of lipids, their oxidation, and the ensuing inflammatory response might contribute to the pathogenesis of AMD. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lipid modification and lipid peroxidation products in innate immunity and inflammation edited by Christoph J. Binder.
KW - Age-related Macular Degeneration
KW - Basal deposits
KW - Bruch's membrane
KW - Drusen
KW - Oxidation-specific epitopes
KW - Retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE)
KW - Very low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84994357489&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84994357489&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.07.013
DO - 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.07.013
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27480216
AN - SCOPUS:84994357489
SN - 1388-1981
VL - 1862
SP - 430
EP - 440
JO - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
JF - Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids
IS - 4
ER -