Ionic Direct Current Modulation for Combined Inhibition/Excitation of the Vestibular System

Felix P. Aplin; Dilawer Singh; Charles C.Della Santina; Gene Y. Fridman

doi:10.1109/TBME.2018.2856698

Ionic Direct Current Modulation for Combined Inhibition/Excitation of the Vestibular System

Felix P. Aplin, Dilawer Singh, Charles C.Della Santina, Gene Y. Fridman

School of Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

4 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: Prosthetic electrical stimulation delivered to the vestibular nerve could provide therapy for people suffering from bilateral vestibular dysfunction. Common encoding methods use pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) to stimulate the semicircular canals of the vestibular system. We previously showed that delivery of ionic direct current (iDC) can also modulate the vestibular system. In this study, we compare the dynamic range of head velocity encoding from iDC modulation to that of PFM controls. Methods: Gentamicin-treated wild-type chinchillas were implanted with microcatheter tubes that delivered ionic current to the left ear vestibular canals and stimulated with steps of anodic/cathodic iDC or PFM. Evoked vestibulo-ocular reflex eye velocity was used to compare PFM and iDC vestibular modulation. Results: Cathodic iDC steps effectively elicited eye rotations consistent with an increased firing rate of the implanted semicircular canal afferents. Anodic iDC current steps elicited eye rotations in the opposite direction that, when paired with an adapted cathodic offset, increased the dynamic range of eye rotation velocities in comparison to PFM controls. Conclusion: Our results suggest that iDC modulation can effectively modulate the vestibular system across a functional range of rotation vectors and velocities, with a potential benefit over a PFM stimulation paradigm. Significance: In conjunction with a safe dc delivery system, iDC modulation could potentially increase the range of simulated head rotation velocities available to neuroelectric vestibular prostheses.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	8411469
Pages (from-to)	775-783
Number of pages	9
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
Volume	66
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2018.2856698
State	Published - Mar 2019

Keywords

Neuroscience
biomedical engineering
neural engineering
neural implants
neural prosthesis
neuromodulation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Biomedical Engineering

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10.1109/TBME.2018.2856698

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@article{819b11de6b6844bd9bfc3977afc6eeb1,

title = "Ionic Direct Current Modulation for Combined Inhibition/Excitation of the Vestibular System",

abstract = "Objective: Prosthetic electrical stimulation delivered to the vestibular nerve could provide therapy for people suffering from bilateral vestibular dysfunction. Common encoding methods use pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) to stimulate the semicircular canals of the vestibular system. We previously showed that delivery of ionic direct current (iDC) can also modulate the vestibular system. In this study, we compare the dynamic range of head velocity encoding from iDC modulation to that of PFM controls. Methods: Gentamicin-treated wild-type chinchillas were implanted with microcatheter tubes that delivered ionic current to the left ear vestibular canals and stimulated with steps of anodic/cathodic iDC or PFM. Evoked vestibulo-ocular reflex eye velocity was used to compare PFM and iDC vestibular modulation. Results: Cathodic iDC steps effectively elicited eye rotations consistent with an increased firing rate of the implanted semicircular canal afferents. Anodic iDC current steps elicited eye rotations in the opposite direction that, when paired with an adapted cathodic offset, increased the dynamic range of eye rotation velocities in comparison to PFM controls. Conclusion: Our results suggest that iDC modulation can effectively modulate the vestibular system across a functional range of rotation vectors and velocities, with a potential benefit over a PFM stimulation paradigm. Significance: In conjunction with a safe dc delivery system, iDC modulation could potentially increase the range of simulated head rotation velocities available to neuroelectric vestibular prostheses.",

keywords = "Neuroscience, biomedical engineering, neural engineering, neural implants, neural prosthesis, neuromodulation",

author = "Aplin, {Felix P.} and Dilawer Singh and Santina, {Charles C.Della} and Fridman, {Gene Y.}",

note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received March 5, 2018; revised June 4, 2018; accepted July 12, 2018. Date of publication July 16, 2018; date of current version February 18, 2019. This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders under Grants R01NS092726, R01DC009255, and in part by the MedEl corporate Grant FK2350. (Felix Peter Aplin and Dilawer Singh are co-first authors.) (Corresponding author: Felix Peter Aplin.) F. P. Aplin is with the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA (e-mail:, faplin1@ jhmi.edu). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 1964-2012 IEEE.",

year = "2019",

month = mar,

doi = "10.1109/TBME.2018.2856698",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "66",

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T1 - Ionic Direct Current Modulation for Combined Inhibition/Excitation of the Vestibular System

AU - Aplin, Felix P.

AU - Singh, Dilawer

AU - Santina, Charles C.Della

AU - Fridman, Gene Y.

N1 - Funding Information: Manuscript received March 5, 2018; revised June 4, 2018; accepted July 12, 2018. Date of publication July 16, 2018; date of current version February 18, 2019. This work was supported in part by the National Institutes of Health National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders under Grants R01NS092726, R01DC009255, and in part by the MedEl corporate Grant FK2350. (Felix Peter Aplin and Dilawer Singh are co-first authors.) (Corresponding author: Felix Peter Aplin.) F. P. Aplin is with the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery and the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA (e-mail:, faplin1@ jhmi.edu). Publisher Copyright: © 1964-2012 IEEE.

PY - 2019/3

Y1 - 2019/3

N2 - Objective: Prosthetic electrical stimulation delivered to the vestibular nerve could provide therapy for people suffering from bilateral vestibular dysfunction. Common encoding methods use pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) to stimulate the semicircular canals of the vestibular system. We previously showed that delivery of ionic direct current (iDC) can also modulate the vestibular system. In this study, we compare the dynamic range of head velocity encoding from iDC modulation to that of PFM controls. Methods: Gentamicin-treated wild-type chinchillas were implanted with microcatheter tubes that delivered ionic current to the left ear vestibular canals and stimulated with steps of anodic/cathodic iDC or PFM. Evoked vestibulo-ocular reflex eye velocity was used to compare PFM and iDC vestibular modulation. Results: Cathodic iDC steps effectively elicited eye rotations consistent with an increased firing rate of the implanted semicircular canal afferents. Anodic iDC current steps elicited eye rotations in the opposite direction that, when paired with an adapted cathodic offset, increased the dynamic range of eye rotation velocities in comparison to PFM controls. Conclusion: Our results suggest that iDC modulation can effectively modulate the vestibular system across a functional range of rotation vectors and velocities, with a potential benefit over a PFM stimulation paradigm. Significance: In conjunction with a safe dc delivery system, iDC modulation could potentially increase the range of simulated head rotation velocities available to neuroelectric vestibular prostheses.

AB - Objective: Prosthetic electrical stimulation delivered to the vestibular nerve could provide therapy for people suffering from bilateral vestibular dysfunction. Common encoding methods use pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) to stimulate the semicircular canals of the vestibular system. We previously showed that delivery of ionic direct current (iDC) can also modulate the vestibular system. In this study, we compare the dynamic range of head velocity encoding from iDC modulation to that of PFM controls. Methods: Gentamicin-treated wild-type chinchillas were implanted with microcatheter tubes that delivered ionic current to the left ear vestibular canals and stimulated with steps of anodic/cathodic iDC or PFM. Evoked vestibulo-ocular reflex eye velocity was used to compare PFM and iDC vestibular modulation. Results: Cathodic iDC steps effectively elicited eye rotations consistent with an increased firing rate of the implanted semicircular canal afferents. Anodic iDC current steps elicited eye rotations in the opposite direction that, when paired with an adapted cathodic offset, increased the dynamic range of eye rotation velocities in comparison to PFM controls. Conclusion: Our results suggest that iDC modulation can effectively modulate the vestibular system across a functional range of rotation vectors and velocities, with a potential benefit over a PFM stimulation paradigm. Significance: In conjunction with a safe dc delivery system, iDC modulation could potentially increase the range of simulated head rotation velocities available to neuroelectric vestibular prostheses.

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KW - biomedical engineering

KW - neural engineering

KW - neural implants

KW - neural prosthesis

KW - neuromodulation

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Ionic Direct Current Modulation for Combined Inhibition/Excitation of the Vestibular System

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