TY - JOUR
T1 - INSM1, a novel biomarker for detection of neuroendocrine neoplasms
T2 - Cytopathologists’ view
AU - Maleki, Zahra
AU - Nadella, Akash
AU - Nadella, Mohnish
AU - Patel, Gopi
AU - Patel, Shivni
AU - Kholová, Ivana
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - Background: Insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) has been considered as a novel immunostain for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and is hypothesized to be more reliable than first-generation NET biomarkers, such as CGA (chromogranin A), SYP (synaptophysin) and CD56 (neural cell adhesion molecule). In this review, we summarize existing literature on INSM1′ s reliability as an immunostain for detection of various NETs, its results in comparison to first-generation NET biomarkers, and its expression in both non-NETs and benign tissues/cells on cytology specimens (cell blocks/smears).
AB - Background: Insulinoma-associated protein 1 (INSM1) has been considered as a novel immunostain for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and is hypothesized to be more reliable than first-generation NET biomarkers, such as CGA (chromogranin A), SYP (synaptophysin) and CD56 (neural cell adhesion molecule). In this review, we summarize existing literature on INSM1′ s reliability as an immunostain for detection of various NETs, its results in comparison to first-generation NET biomarkers, and its expression in both non-NETs and benign tissues/cells on cytology specimens (cell blocks/smears).
KW - Carcinoid
KW - Cytology
KW - INSM-1 immunostaining
KW - Medullary thyroid carcinoma
KW - Neuroendocrine tumor
KW - Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor
KW - Pulmonary neuroendocrine neoplasms
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U2 - 10.3390/diagnostics11122172
DO - 10.3390/diagnostics11122172
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34943408
AN - SCOPUS:85120070472
SN - 2075-4418
VL - 11
JO - Diagnostics
JF - Diagnostics
IS - 12
M1 - 2172
ER -