Inpatient outcomes comparing White and Black patients with obesity hospitalized for COVID-19 infection

Objective: Comparisons between Black and White patients with obesity hospitalized with COVID-19 have not been fully studied. We sought to determine outcomes differences between these two groups. Methods: National Inpatient Sample database year 2020 was studied using multivariable regression to compare Black and White patients with obesity and COVID-19 infection. Outcomes were in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and hospital charges. Results: 205,365 Black and White patients with obesity were hospitalized for COVID-19. 141,010 (68.6%) were White and 64,355 (31.3%) were Black. Black patients were younger (mean age [± standard error] 55.5 ± 0.14 vs. 62.1± 0.11; p < 0.01), more likely female (63.2% vs 50.9%; p < 0.01), and had lower mean comorbidity (Elixhauser score means [± standard error] 4.4 ± 0.02 vs. 4.6 ± 0.01; p < 0.01) than White patients. Black patients had lower odds of in-hospital mortality (adjusted Odds Ratio {aOR}=0.86 CI [0.77–0.97]; p = 0.01), longer hospital stays (adjusted Mean Difference {aMD}=0.32 days CI [0.14–0.51]; p < 0.01) and incurred higher, though non-significant hospital charges (aMD = $2,144 CI [-2270–+6560]; p = 0.34) than White patients. Conclusion: During the first year of the pandemic, Black patients with obesity and COVID-19 were less likely to die during the incident hospitalization but used greater hospital resources compared to White patients.