Inhibition of proliferation of PC3 cells by the branched-chain fatty acid, 12-methyltetradecanoic acid, is associated with inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase

Peiying Yang, Peter Collin, Timothy Madden, Diana Chan, Bridget Sweeney-Gotsch, David McConkey, Robert A. Newman

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

47 Scopus citations

Abstract

BACKGROUND. Branched-chain fatty acids or fatty alcohols have been reported to possess anti-tumor activity in various tumor models. Here we study 12-methyltetradecanoic acid (12-MTA), a branched-chain fatty acid, isolated from a sea cucumber extract, on the growth of prostate cancer cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms of its effect. METHODS. 12-MTA was evaluated by MTT assay for its ability to inhibit cell proliferation in various cancer types. The ability of 12-MTA to induce apoptosis of PC3 cells was examined by morphologic changes, propidium iodide (PI) staining, and caspase-3 activation. Furthermore, alteration of eicosanoid metabolism by 12-MTA was examined in PC3 and RBL-1 cells and in purified lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. RESULTS. 12-MTA inhibited proliferation of various cell lines, with IC50s ranging from 17.99 to 35.44 μg/ml. PI staining clearly showed that 12-MTA caused PC3 cell death through induction of apoptosis. At 50 μg/ml, 12-MTA increased caspase-3 activity four to seven-fold compared with that in control cells. Examination of cellular arachidonate metabolism showed that at 25 μg/ml, 12-MTA reduced the level of 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) by 45%. Furthermore, exogenous 5-HETE protects PC3 cells from 12-MTA induced cell death. CONCLUSIONS. 12-MTA inhibited proliferation of cancer cells via apoptosis, in which caspase-3 may play a role. At relevant concentrations, 12-MTA can selectively inhibit the formation of 5-HETE, a metabolite of 5-lipoxygenase. This agent may be a novel adjunctive therapy for selected malignancies including prostate cancer.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)281-291
Number of pages11
JournalProstate
Volume55
Issue number4
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 1 2003
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • 12-methyltetradecanoic acid
  • 5-lipoxygenase
  • Apoptosis
  • Prostate cancer cells

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Oncology
  • Urology

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