Influence of early printmaking on the development of neuroanatomy and neurology

Early Renaissance scientists were heavily influenced by psychological, philosophical, religious, sociological, and anthropological problems that perpetuated blind adherence to classically accepted doctrines. The unchallenged theories of Aristotle (384-322 BC) and Galen (AD 130-200), limited practice of cadaver dissection, and scarcity of books¹ during this time are just a few examples of early obstacles to the advancement of scientific thought. Printmaking and book printing, however, were breakthroughs that enabled science to progress by leaps and bounds. It is difficult to separate the advancements of printmaking and book printing because they are complementary. We will focus on the art of printmaking, present a synopsis of early printing, and discuss the corresponding development of the neurological sciences.