@article{b7a6c75db7b84eebb75ad93b2e593174,
title = "Inflammation and Risk of Depression in HIV: Prospective Findings From the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study",
abstract = "Studies suggest that inflammation might be involved in the pathogenesis of depression. Individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have a higher risk of depression and elevated inflammatory profiles. Despite this, research on the link between inflammation and depression among this high-risk population is limited. We examined a sample of men who have sex with men from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study in prospective analyses of the association between inflammation and clinically relevant depression symptoms, defined as scores >20 on Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. We included 1,727 participants who contributed 9,287 person-visits from 1984 to 2010 (8,218 with HIV (HIV+) and 1,069 without (HIV-)). Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to characterize underlying inflammatory processes from 19 immune markers. Logistic regression with generalized estimating equations was used to evaluate associations between inflammatory processes and depressive symptoms stratified by HIV serostatus. Three EFA-identified inflammatory processes (EIPs) were identified. EIP-1 scores - described by soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNF-R2), soluble interleukin-2 receptor α (sIL-2Rα), sCD27, B-cell activating factor, interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10), soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R), sCD14, and sGP130 - were significantly associated with 9% higher odds of depressive symptoms in HIV+ participants (odds ratio = 1.09; 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 1.16) and 33% higher odds in HIV- participants (odds ratio = 1.33; 95% confidence interval: 1.09, 1.61). Findings suggest that immune activation might be involved in depression risk among both HIV+ and HIV- men who have sex with men.",
keywords = "HIV, biomarkers, depression, immune activation, inflammation",
author = "Haidong Lu and Surkan, {Pamela J.} and Irwin, {Michael R.} and Treisman, {Glenn J.} and Breen, {Elizabeth C.} and Ned Sacktor and Ron Stall and Wolinsky, {Steven M.} and Jacobson, {Lisa P.} and Abraham, {Alison G.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grants U01-AI35039, U01-AI35040, U01-AI35041, U01-AI35042, and UM1-AI35043), the National Institute ofMental Health (grant R03-MH103961) and the Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Funding Information: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study is funded primarily by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, with additional cofunding from the National Cancer Institute, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, and the National Institute of Mental Health. Targeted supplemental funding for specific projects was also provided by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, and the National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorders. Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study data collection is also supported by grant UL1-TR001079 (Johns Hopkins Institute for Clinical and Translational Research) from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, a component of the National Institutes of Health, and National Institutes of Health Roadmap for Medical Research. Funding Information: This work was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (grants U01-AI35039, U01-AI35040, U01-AI35041, U01-AI35042, and UM1-AI35043), the National Institute of Mental Health (grant R03-MH103961) and the Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. We thank all the collaborators, staff, and participants of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). Data in this manuscript were collected by the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study with centers at Baltimore (U01-AI35042): Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health: Joseph B. Margolick (PI), JayBream, Todd Brown, Adrian Dobs, Michelle Estrella, W. David Hardy, Lisette Johnson-Hill, Sean Leng, Anne Monroe, Cynthia Munro, Michael W. Plankey, Wendy Post, Ned Sacktor, Jennifer Schrack, Chloe Thio; Chicago (U01-AI35039): Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, and Cook County Bureau of Health Services: Steven M. Wolinsky (PI), Sheila Badri, Dana Gabuzda, Frank J. Palella, Jr., Sudhir Penugonda, John P. Phair, Susheel Reddy, Matthew Stephens, Linda Teplin; Los Angeles (U01-AI35040): University of California, UCLA Schools of Public Health and Medicine: Roger Detels (PI), Otoniel Mart{\'i}nez-Maza (PI), Peter Anton, Robert Bolan, Elizabeth Breen, Anthony Butch, Shehnaz Hussain, Beth Jamieson, John Oishi, Harry Vinters, Dorothy Wiley, Mallory Witt, Otto Yang, Stephen Young, Zuo Feng Zhang; Pittsburgh (U01-AI35041): University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health: Charles R. Rinaldo (PI), James T. Becker, Phalguni Gupta, Kenneth Ho, Lawrence A. Kingsley, Susan Koletar, Jeremy J. Martinson, John W. Mellors, Anthony J. Silvestre, Ronald D. Stall; Data Coordinating Center (UM1-AI35043): the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health: Lisa P. Jacobson (PI), Gypsyamber D{\textquoteright}Souza (PI), Alison Abraham, Keri Althoff, Michael Collaco, Priya Duggal, Sabina Haberlen, Eithne Keelaghan, Heather McKay, Alvaro Mu{\~n}oz, Derek Ng, Anne Rostich, Eric C. Seaberg, Sol Su, Pamela Surkan, Nicholas Wada. Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases: Robin E. Huebner; National Cancer Institute: Geraldina Dominguez. The authors also thank the Center for AIDS Research (CFAR) at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Author(s) 2019.",
year = "2019",
month = nov,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/aje/kwz190",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "188",
pages = "1994--2003",
journal = "American journal of epidemiology",
issn = "0002-9262",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "11",
}