TY - JOUR
T1 - Infant mortality and maternal vitamin a deficiency during human immunodeficiency virus infection
AU - Semba, Richard D.
AU - Miotti, Paolo G.
AU - Chiphangwi, John D.
AU - Liomba, George
AU - Yang, Li Ping
AU - Saah, Alfred J.
AU - Dallabetta, Gina A.
AU - Hoover, Donald R.
N1 - Funding Information:
Received 18 November 1994; revised 14 April 1995. Informed consent was obtained from all mothers in the study, and the guidelines of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Malawi Health Sciences Committee were followed in the conduct of this research. Grant support: National Institutes ofHealth (AI26499, AI33874, HD30042) and the Office ofNutrition, Bureau for Science and Technology, United States Agency for International Development (Cooperative Agreement DAN-0045A-5094-00). Reprints or correspondence: Dr. R.D. Semba, Ocular Immunology Service, Suite 700, 550 North Broadway, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.
PY - 1995/10
Y1 - 1995/10
N2 - The maternal factors that contribute to high mortality among infants born to women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are unclear. We followed 474 HIV-infected mothers and their infants in Malawi from pregnancy through the infants’ 12th month of life. Of the 474 HIV-infected pregnant women, 300 (63.3%) were deficient in vitamin A (serum level of vitamin A, <1.05 μmol/L). Mean serum vitamin A levels among mothers whose infants died were 0.78 ± 0.03 μmol/L compared with 1.02 ± 0.02 μmol/L among mothers whose infants had survived for the first 12 months of life (P <.0001). The overall infant mortality rate was 28.7%. We divided HIV-positive mothers into six groups according to serum vitamin A levels (μmol/L) as follows: group 1, <0.35; group 2, between 0.35 and 0.70; group 3, between 0.70 and 1.05; group 4, between 1.05 and 1.40 group 5, between 1.40 and 1.75; and group 6, >1.75. Infant mortality rates for each group were 93.3%, 41.6%, 23.4%, 18.5%, 17.7%, and 14.2%, respectively (P <.0001). Maternal vitamin A deficiency during HIV infection may contribute to increased infant mortality.
AB - The maternal factors that contribute to high mortality among infants born to women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are unclear. We followed 474 HIV-infected mothers and their infants in Malawi from pregnancy through the infants’ 12th month of life. Of the 474 HIV-infected pregnant women, 300 (63.3%) were deficient in vitamin A (serum level of vitamin A, <1.05 μmol/L). Mean serum vitamin A levels among mothers whose infants died were 0.78 ± 0.03 μmol/L compared with 1.02 ± 0.02 μmol/L among mothers whose infants had survived for the first 12 months of life (P <.0001). The overall infant mortality rate was 28.7%. We divided HIV-positive mothers into six groups according to serum vitamin A levels (μmol/L) as follows: group 1, <0.35; group 2, between 0.35 and 0.70; group 3, between 0.70 and 1.05; group 4, between 1.05 and 1.40 group 5, between 1.40 and 1.75; and group 6, >1.75. Infant mortality rates for each group were 93.3%, 41.6%, 23.4%, 18.5%, 17.7%, and 14.2%, respectively (P <.0001). Maternal vitamin A deficiency during HIV infection may contribute to increased infant mortality.
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U2 - 10.1093/clinids/21.4.966
DO - 10.1093/clinids/21.4.966
M3 - Article
C2 - 8645848
AN - SCOPUS:0028864197
SN - 1058-4838
VL - 21
SP - 966
EP - 972
JO - Clinical Infectious Diseases
JF - Clinical Infectious Diseases
IS - 4
ER -