Induction of IP-10 chemokine promoter by measles virus: Comparison with interferon-γ shows the use of the same response element but with differential DNA-protein binding profiles

Measles virus (MV) and interferon (IFN)-γ induced IP-10 chemokine mRNA in U373 glioblastoma cells. The minimal response element for both MV and IFN- γ was localized between nucleotide -231 and -153 of muIP-10 promoter, which contains an IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE) and the distal NF-κB(d) site. Mutation of individual elements showed that ISRE and NF-κB(d) were required to function together. DNA protein binding profiles with the minimal response element showed that IFN-γ induced a complex consisting of STATI while MV induced a complex consisting of p50 and p65 in the absence of new protein synthesis. IFN-γ and MV also induced IRF-I DNA binding activity which persisted for longer time periods with IFN-γ stimulation. Despite the functional requirement of both ISRE and NF-κB(d) elements, different combinations of DNA binding factors are used in the induction of IP-10 by MV or IFN-γ.