Improving the Pharmacodynamics and In Vivo Activity of ENPP1-Fc Through Protein and Glycosylation Engineering

Paul R. Stabach, Kristin Zimmerman, Aaron Adame, Dillon Kavanagh, Christopher T. Saeui, Christian Agatemor, Shawn Gray, Wenxiang Cao, Enrique M. De La Cruz, Kevin J. Yarema, Demetrios T. Braddock

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Enzyme replacement with ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phospodiesterase-1 (ENPP1) eliminates mortality in a murine model of the lethal calcification disorder generalized arterial calcification of infancy. We used protein engineering, glycan optimization, and a novel biomanufacturing platform to enhance potency by using a three-prong strategy. First, we added new N-glycans to ENPP1; second, we optimized pH-dependent cellular recycling by protein engineering of the Fc neonatal receptor; finally, we used a two-step process to improve sialylation by first producing ENPP1-Fc in cells stably transfected with human α-2,6-sialyltransferase (ST6) and further enhanced terminal sialylation by supplementing production with 1,3,4-O-Bu3ManNAc. These steps sequentially increased the half-life of the parent compound in rodents from 37 hours to ~ 67 hours with an added N-glycan, to ~ 96 hours with optimized pH-dependent Fc recycling, to ~ 204 hours when the therapeutic was produced in ST6-overexpressing cells with 1,3,4-O-Bu3ManNAc supplementation. The alterations were demonstrated to increase drug potency by maintaining efficacious levels of plasma phosphoanhydride pyrophosphate in ENPP1-deficient mice when the optimized biologic was administered at a 10-fold lower mass dose less frequently than the parent compound—once every 10 days vs. 3 times a week. We believe these improvements represent a general strategy to rationally optimize protein therapeutics.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)362-372
Number of pages11
JournalClinical and translational science
Volume14
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2021

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Neuroscience
  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics(all)

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