TY - JOUR
T1 - Identifying and prioritizing chemicals with uncertain burden of exposure
T2 - Opportunities for biomonitoring and health-related research
AU - Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes
AU - Pellizzari, Edo D.
AU - Woodruff, Tracey J.
AU - Boyles, Rebecca R.
AU - Kannan, Kurunthachalam
AU - Beamer, Paloma I.
AU - Buckley, Jessie P.
AU - Wang, Aolin
AU - Zhu, Yeyi
AU - Bennett, Deborah H.
N1 - Funding Information:
Research reported in this publication was supported by the ECHO program, Office of The Director, National Institutes of Health, under awards U2COD023375 (Coordinating Center), U24OD023382 (Data Analysis Center), 5U24OD023382-02 (E.D.P., R.R.B., J.P.B.), 5UG3OD023365-02 (D.H.B.), 5UG3OD023282 (P.I.B.), UG3OD023289 (Y.Z.), U2CES026542-01 (K.K.), and 5UG3OD023272-02, NIEHS P01ES022841, U.S. EPA RD 83,543,301, and NIEH R01ES02705 (A.W., T.J.W.). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health, or the institutions with which the authors are affiliated.
Funding Information:
We thank our Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) colleagues; the medical, nursing, and program staff; as well as the children and families participating in the ECHO cohorts. We also thank D. Balshaw [National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS)], T. Fennell (RTI International), E. Guallar (Johns Hopkins University), and R. Miller (University of Rochester) for their insightful discussions. We are indebted to A. Williams (U.S. EPA) for providing the ExpoCast? file that contained invaluable predicted exposure data and R. Judson (U.S. EPA) for providing high-throughput in vitro assay data for our paper. We thank J. Wambaugh (U.S. EPA) and B. Wetmore (U.S. EPA) for providing guidance and sources of information. We are grateful to the anonymous peer reviewers for their constructive insights. Research reported in this publication was supported by the ECHO program, Office of The Director, National Institutes of Health, under awards U2COD023375 (Coordinating Center), U24OD023382 (Data Analysis Center), 5U24OD023382-02 (E.D.P., R.R.B., J.P.B.), 5UG3OD023365-02 (D.H.B.), 5UG3OD023282 (P.I.B.), UG3OD023289 (Y.Z.), U2CES026542-01 (K.K.), and 5UG3OD023272-02, NIEHS P01ES022841, U.S. EPA RD 83,543,301, and NIEH R01ES02705 (A.W., T.J.W.). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health, or the institutions with which the authors are affiliated.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Public Health Services, US Dept of Health and Human Services. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019
Y1 - 2019
N2 - BACKGROUND: The National Institutes of Health’s Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) initiative aims to understand the impact of environmental factors on childhood disease. Over 40,000 chemicals are approved for commercial use. The challenge is to prioritize chemicals for biomonitoring that may present health risk concerns. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to prioritize chemicals that may elicit child health effects of interest to ECHO but that have not been biomonitored nationwide and to identify gaps needing additional research. METHODS: We searched databases and the literature for chemicals in environmental media and in consumer products that were potentially toxic. We selected chemicals that were not measured in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. From over 700 chemicals, we chose 155 chemicals and created eight chemical panels. For each chemical, we compiled biomonitoring and toxicity data, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency exposure predictions, and annual production usage. We also applied predictive modeling to estimate toxicity. Using these data, we recommended chemicals either for biomonitoring, to be deferred pending additional data, or as low priority for biomonitoring. RESULTS: For the 155 chemicals, 97 were measured in food or water, 67 in air or house dust, and 52 in biospecimens. We found in vivo endocrine, developmental, reproductive, and neurotoxic effects for 61, 74, 47, and 32 chemicals, respectively. Eighty-six had data from high-throughput in vitro assays. Positive results for endocrine, developmental, neurotoxicity, and obesity were observed for 32, 11, 35, and 60 chemicals, respectively. Predictive modeling results suggested 90% are toxicants. Biomarkers were reported for 76 chemicals. Thirty-six were recommended for biomonitoring, 108 deferred pending additional research, and 11 as low priority for biomonitoring. DISCUSSION: The 108 deferred chemicals included those lacking biomonitoring methods or toxicity data, representing an opportunity for future research. Our evaluation was, in general, limited by the large number of unmeasured or untested chemicals.
AB - BACKGROUND: The National Institutes of Health’s Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) initiative aims to understand the impact of environmental factors on childhood disease. Over 40,000 chemicals are approved for commercial use. The challenge is to prioritize chemicals for biomonitoring that may present health risk concerns. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to prioritize chemicals that may elicit child health effects of interest to ECHO but that have not been biomonitored nationwide and to identify gaps needing additional research. METHODS: We searched databases and the literature for chemicals in environmental media and in consumer products that were potentially toxic. We selected chemicals that were not measured in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. From over 700 chemicals, we chose 155 chemicals and created eight chemical panels. For each chemical, we compiled biomonitoring and toxicity data, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency exposure predictions, and annual production usage. We also applied predictive modeling to estimate toxicity. Using these data, we recommended chemicals either for biomonitoring, to be deferred pending additional data, or as low priority for biomonitoring. RESULTS: For the 155 chemicals, 97 were measured in food or water, 67 in air or house dust, and 52 in biospecimens. We found in vivo endocrine, developmental, reproductive, and neurotoxic effects for 61, 74, 47, and 32 chemicals, respectively. Eighty-six had data from high-throughput in vitro assays. Positive results for endocrine, developmental, neurotoxicity, and obesity were observed for 32, 11, 35, and 60 chemicals, respectively. Predictive modeling results suggested 90% are toxicants. Biomarkers were reported for 76 chemicals. Thirty-six were recommended for biomonitoring, 108 deferred pending additional research, and 11 as low priority for biomonitoring. DISCUSSION: The 108 deferred chemicals included those lacking biomonitoring methods or toxicity data, representing an opportunity for future research. Our evaluation was, in general, limited by the large number of unmeasured or untested chemicals.
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U2 - 10.1289/EHP5133
DO - 10.1289/EHP5133
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31850800
AN - SCOPUS:85076859918
SN - 0091-6765
VL - 127
JO - Environmental health perspectives
JF - Environmental health perspectives
IS - 12
M1 - 126001
ER -