TY - JOUR
T1 - HIV salvage therapy does not require Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors a randomized, controlled trial
AU - Tashima, Karen T.
AU - Smeaton, Laura M.
AU - Fichtenbaum, Carl J.
AU - Andrade, Adriana
AU - Eron, Joseph J.
AU - Gandhi, Rajesh T.
AU - Johnson, Victoria A.
AU - Klingman, Karin L.
AU - Ritz, Justin
AU - Hodder, Sally
AU - Santana, Jorge L.
AU - Wilkin, Timothy
AU - Haubrich, Richard H.
AU - Hogg, Evelyn
AU - Mollan, Katie
AU - Hollabaugh, Kimberly
AU - Rusin, Dave
AU - Sattler, Fred
AU - Sbrolla, Amy
AU - Stets, Eric
AU - Petrella, Lauren
AU - Piliero, Peter
AU - Walworth, Charles
AU - Clax, Pamela
AU - Anderson, David
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 American College of Physicians.
PY - 2015/12/15
Y1 - 2015/12/15
N2 - Background: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are often included in antiretroviral regimens in treatmentexperienced patients in the absence of data from randomized trials. Objective: To compare treatment success between participants who omit versus those who add NRTIs to an optimized antiretroviral regimen of 3 or more agents. Design: Multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00537394) Setting: Outpatient HIV clinics. Participants: Treatment-experienced patients with HIV infection and viral resistance. Intervention: Open-label optimized regimens (not including NRTIs) were selected on the basis of treatment history and susceptibility testing. Participants were randomly assigned to omit or add NRTIs. Measurements: The primary efficacy outcome was regimen failure through 48 weeks using a noninferiority margin of 15%. The primary safety outcome was time to initial episode of a severe sign, symptom, or laboratory abnormality before discontinuation of NRTI assignment. Results: 360 participants were randomly assigned, and 93% completed a 48-week visit. The cumulative probability of regimen failure was 29.8% in the omit-NRTIs group versus 25.9% in the add-NRTIs group (difference, 3.2 percentage points [95% CI, - 6.1 to 12.5 percentage points]). No significant between-group differences were found in the primary safety end points or the proportion of participants with HIV RNA level less than 50 copies/mL. No deaths occurred in the omit-NRTIs group compared with 7 deaths in the add-NRTIs group. Limitation: Unblinded study design, and the study may not be applicable to resource-poor settings. Conclusion: Treatment-experienced patients with HIV infection starting a new optimized regimen can safely omit NRTIs without compromising virologic efficacy. Omitting NRTIs will reduce pill burden, cost, and toxicity in this patient population. Primary Funding Sources: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, Merck, ViiV Healthcare, Roche, and Monogram Biosciences (LabCorp).
AB - Background: Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are often included in antiretroviral regimens in treatmentexperienced patients in the absence of data from randomized trials. Objective: To compare treatment success between participants who omit versus those who add NRTIs to an optimized antiretroviral regimen of 3 or more agents. Design: Multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00537394) Setting: Outpatient HIV clinics. Participants: Treatment-experienced patients with HIV infection and viral resistance. Intervention: Open-label optimized regimens (not including NRTIs) were selected on the basis of treatment history and susceptibility testing. Participants were randomly assigned to omit or add NRTIs. Measurements: The primary efficacy outcome was regimen failure through 48 weeks using a noninferiority margin of 15%. The primary safety outcome was time to initial episode of a severe sign, symptom, or laboratory abnormality before discontinuation of NRTI assignment. Results: 360 participants were randomly assigned, and 93% completed a 48-week visit. The cumulative probability of regimen failure was 29.8% in the omit-NRTIs group versus 25.9% in the add-NRTIs group (difference, 3.2 percentage points [95% CI, - 6.1 to 12.5 percentage points]). No significant between-group differences were found in the primary safety end points or the proportion of participants with HIV RNA level less than 50 copies/mL. No deaths occurred in the omit-NRTIs group compared with 7 deaths in the add-NRTIs group. Limitation: Unblinded study design, and the study may not be applicable to resource-poor settings. Conclusion: Treatment-experienced patients with HIV infection starting a new optimized regimen can safely omit NRTIs without compromising virologic efficacy. Omitting NRTIs will reduce pill burden, cost, and toxicity in this patient population. Primary Funding Sources: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen, Merck, ViiV Healthcare, Roche, and Monogram Biosciences (LabCorp).
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U2 - 10.7326/M15-0949
DO - 10.7326/M15-0949
M3 - Article
C2 - 26595748
AN - SCOPUS:84950320419
SN - 0003-4819
VL - 163
SP - 908
EP - 917
JO - Annals of internal medicine
JF - Annals of internal medicine
IS - 12
ER -