TY - JOUR
T1 - HIV Dementia Scale
T2 - A rapid screening test
AU - Power, C.
AU - Selnes, O. A.
AU - Grim, J. A.
AU - McArthur, J. C.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2018 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 1995
Y1 - 1995
N2 - HIV dementia has an annual incidence of 7% after AIDS development and eventually affects 20% of all HIV-infected persons. Accurate and early diagnosis of HIV dementia can lead to optimized therapeutic and management decisions. The purpose of this study was to design a valid instrument to identify HIV dementia. Five groups totalling 152 outpatients were evaluated: HIV-seronegative (SN) (n = 34); asymptomatic HIV-seropositive (ASX) (n = 38); AIDS, nondemented (AIDS) (n = 53); AIDS, mildly demented (Dm) (n = 39); and AIDS, severely demented (Ds) (n = 7). None had CNS opportunistic infections or delirium due to drug intoxication or systemic illness at the time of testing. Patients were evaluated with three different screening instruments: (a) the newly developed HIV Dementia Scale (HDS), (b) the Minimental State Exam (MMSE), and (c) the Grooved Pegboard (PB). Mean HDS scores (± SD) (maximum = 16) for each group were as follows: SN, 14.9 ± 1.69; ASX, 14.1 ± 1.72; AIDS, 12.8 ± 3.17; Dm, 8.0 ± 3.81; and Ds, 3.5 ± 2.94. A Receiver-Operating Characteristic curve was used to derive an optimal HDS cut-off score of ≤ 10 for identifying HIV dementia, with a sensitivity of 80%, specificity 91%, and positive predictive value 78%. The efficiencies of each instrument for identifying HIV dementia were as follows: HDS-84%, PB-86%, and MMSE-72%. The HDS is a reliable and quantitative scale that is superior to other widely used bedside tests such as the MMSE for identifying HIV dementia.
AB - HIV dementia has an annual incidence of 7% after AIDS development and eventually affects 20% of all HIV-infected persons. Accurate and early diagnosis of HIV dementia can lead to optimized therapeutic and management decisions. The purpose of this study was to design a valid instrument to identify HIV dementia. Five groups totalling 152 outpatients were evaluated: HIV-seronegative (SN) (n = 34); asymptomatic HIV-seropositive (ASX) (n = 38); AIDS, nondemented (AIDS) (n = 53); AIDS, mildly demented (Dm) (n = 39); and AIDS, severely demented (Ds) (n = 7). None had CNS opportunistic infections or delirium due to drug intoxication or systemic illness at the time of testing. Patients were evaluated with three different screening instruments: (a) the newly developed HIV Dementia Scale (HDS), (b) the Minimental State Exam (MMSE), and (c) the Grooved Pegboard (PB). Mean HDS scores (± SD) (maximum = 16) for each group were as follows: SN, 14.9 ± 1.69; ASX, 14.1 ± 1.72; AIDS, 12.8 ± 3.17; Dm, 8.0 ± 3.81; and Ds, 3.5 ± 2.94. A Receiver-Operating Characteristic curve was used to derive an optimal HDS cut-off score of ≤ 10 for identifying HIV dementia, with a sensitivity of 80%, specificity 91%, and positive predictive value 78%. The efficiencies of each instrument for identifying HIV dementia were as follows: HDS-84%, PB-86%, and MMSE-72%. The HDS is a reliable and quantitative scale that is superior to other widely used bedside tests such as the MMSE for identifying HIV dementia.
KW - HIV-1 dementia
KW - Minimental State Exam
KW - diagnostic screen
KW - neuropsychology
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U2 - 10.1097/00042560-199503010-00008
DO - 10.1097/00042560-199503010-00008
M3 - Article
C2 - 7859139
AN - SCOPUS:0028986383
SN - 1077-9450
VL - 8
SP - 273
EP - 278
JO - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
JF - Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes and Human Retrovirology
IS - 3
ER -