@article{4e3a7920155b44bca9ec0924ffae147f,
title = "HIV-associated nephropathy patients with and without apolipoprotein L1 gene variants have similar clinical and pathological characteristics",
abstract = "Recently, an association was found between nondiabetic kidney disease in African Americans and two independent sequence variants in the APOL1 gene, encoding apolipoprotein L1. In this study we determined the frequency of APOL1 risk variants in patients with biopsy-proven HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) and distinctive pathological characteristics potentially driven by those risk variants. Among 76 patients with HIVAN, 60 were successfully genotyped for APOL1 G1 and G2 polymorphisms. In this cohort, 37 had two risk alleles, 18 were heterozygous, and 5 had neither risk variant. There were no differences in the pathological findings of HIVAN and the number of APOL1 risk alleles. Further, the progression to end-stage kidney disease or death did not differ by the number of risk alleles. Median renal survival was 9.3 months in patients with zero or one risk allele compared to 11.7 months in patients with two APOL1 risk alleles. Thus, our study suggests that although the majority of African-American patients with HIVAN have two APOL1 risk alleles other as yet unknown factors in the host, including genetic risk variants and environmental or viral factors, may influence the development of this disorder in those with zero or one APOL1 risk allele.",
keywords = "APOL1, HIV-associated nephropathy, end-stage kidney disease",
author = "Atta, {Mohamed G.} and Estrella, {Michelle M.} and Michael Kuperman and Foy, {Matthew C.} and Fine, {Derek M.} and Racusen, {Lorraine C.} and Lucas, {Gregory M.} and Nelson, {George W.} and Warner, {Andrew C.} and Winkler, {Cheryl A.} and Kopp, {Jeffrey B.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the NIDDK and NCI Intramural Research programs. This project has been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under contract HHSN26120080001E. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human Services, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. This Research was supported (in part) by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research. We thank Paul Kimmel for critical review of the manuscript. MGA is supported by the NIH-NIDDK grant P01DK056492, MME is supported by the NIH-NIDDK grant 1K23DK081317, and GML is supported by NIH grant R01 DA026770; this work was supported by the Intramural Research Programs of the National Cancer Institute and the National Institute for Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, NIH. ",
year = "2012",
month = aug,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1038/ki.2012.111",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "82",
pages = "338--343",
journal = "Kidney international",
issn = "0085-2538",
publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",
number = "3",
}