High energy neutral atom (HENA) imager for the image mission

D. G. Mitchell; S. E. Jaskulek; C. E. Schlemm; E. P. Keath; R. E. Thompson; B. E. Tossman; J. D. Boldt; J. R. Hayes; G. B. Andrews; N. Paschalidis; D. C. Hamilton; R. A. Lundgren; E. O. Tums; P. Wilson IV; H. D. Voss; D. Prentice; K. C. Hsieh; C. C. Curtis; F. R. Powell

doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4233-5_4

High energy neutral atom (HENA) imager for the image mission

D. G. Mitchell, S. E. Jaskulek, C. E. Schlemm, E. P. Keath, R. E. Thompson, B. E. Tossman, J. D. Boldt, J. R. Hayes, G. B. Andrews, N. Paschalidis, D. C. Hamilton, R. A. Lundgren, E. O. Tums, P. Wilson IV, H. D. Voss, D. Prentice, K. C. Hsieh, C. C. Curtis, F. R. Powell

Bloomberg School of Public Health

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

124 Scopus citations

Abstract

The IMAGE mission will be the first of its kind, designed to comprehensively image a variety of emissions from the Earth's magnetosphere, with sufficient time resolution to follow the dynamics associated with the development of magnetospheric storms. Energetic neutral atoms (ENA) emitted from the ring current during storms are one of the key emissions that will be imaged. This paper describes the characteristics of the High Energy Neutral Atom imager, HENA. Using pixelated solid state detectors, imaging microchannel plates, electron optics, and time of flight electronics, HENA is designed to return images of the ENA emitting regions of the inner magnetosphere with 2 minute time resolution, at angular resolution of 8 degrees or better above the energy of ~50 keV/nucleon. HENA will also image separately the emissions in hydrogen, helium, and oxygen above 30 keV/nucleon. HENA will reject energetic ions below 200 keV/charge, allowing ENA images to be returned in the presence of ambient energetic ions. HENA images will reveal the distribution and the evolution of energetic ion distributions as they are injected into the ring current during geomagnetic storms, as they drift about the Earth on both open and closed drift paths, and as they decay through charge exchange to pre-storm levels. Substorrn ion injections will also be imaged, as will the regions of low altitude, high latitude ion precipitation into the upper atmosphere.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	67-112
Number of pages	46
Journal	Space Science Reviews
Volume	91
Issue number	1-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4233-5_4
State	Published - 2000

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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Mitchell, D. G., Jaskulek, S. E., Schlemm, C. E., Keath, E. P., Thompson, R. E., Tossman, B. E., Boldt, J. D., Hayes, J. R., Andrews, G. B., Paschalidis, N., Hamilton, D. C., Lundgren, R. A., Tums, E. O., Wilson IV, P., Voss, H. D., Prentice, D., Hsieh, K. C., Curtis, C. C., & Powell, F. R. (2000). High energy neutral atom (HENA) imager for the image mission. Space Science Reviews, 91(1-2), 67-112. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4233-5_4

Mitchell, DG, Jaskulek, SE, Schlemm, CE, Keath, EP, Thompson, RE, Tossman, BE, Boldt, JD, Hayes, JR, Andrews, GB, Paschalidis, N, Hamilton, DC, Lundgren, RA, Tums, EO, Wilson IV, P, Voss, HD, Prentice, D, Hsieh, KC, Curtis, CC & Powell, FR 2000, 'High energy neutral atom (HENA) imager for the image mission', Space Science Reviews, vol. 91, no. 1-2, pp. 67-112. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4233-5_4

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abstract = "The IMAGE mission will be the first of its kind, designed to comprehensively image a variety of emissions from the Earth's magnetosphere, with sufficient time resolution to follow the dynamics associated with the development of magnetospheric storms. Energetic neutral atoms (ENA) emitted from the ring current during storms are one of the key emissions that will be imaged. This paper describes the characteristics of the High Energy Neutral Atom imager, HENA. Using pixelated solid state detectors, imaging microchannel plates, electron optics, and time of flight electronics, HENA is designed to return images of the ENA emitting regions of the inner magnetosphere with 2 minute time resolution, at angular resolution of 8 degrees or better above the energy of ~50 keV/nucleon. HENA will also image separately the emissions in hydrogen, helium, and oxygen above 30 keV/nucleon. HENA will reject energetic ions below 200 keV/charge, allowing ENA images to be returned in the presence of ambient energetic ions. HENA images will reveal the distribution and the evolution of energetic ion distributions as they are injected into the ring current during geomagnetic storms, as they drift about the Earth on both open and closed drift paths, and as they decay through charge exchange to pre-storm levels. Substorrn ion injections will also be imaged, as will the regions of low altitude, high latitude ion precipitation into the upper atmosphere.",

author = "Mitchell, {D. G.} and Jaskulek, {S. E.} and Schlemm, {C. E.} and Keath, {E. P.} and Thompson, {R. E.} and Tossman, {B. E.} and Boldt, {J. D.} and Hayes, {J. R.} and Andrews, {G. B.} and N. Paschalidis and Hamilton, {D. C.} and Lundgren, {R. A.} and Tums, {E. O.} and {Wilson IV}, P. and Voss, {H. D.} and D. Prentice and Hsieh, {K. C.} and Curtis, {C. C.} and Powell, {F. R.}",

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T1 - High energy neutral atom (HENA) imager for the image mission

AU - Mitchell, D. G.

AU - Jaskulek, S. E.

AU - Schlemm, C. E.

AU - Keath, E. P.

AU - Thompson, R. E.

AU - Tossman, B. E.

AU - Boldt, J. D.

AU - Hayes, J. R.

AU - Andrews, G. B.

AU - Paschalidis, N.

AU - Hamilton, D. C.

AU - Lundgren, R. A.

AU - Tums, E. O.

AU - Wilson IV, P.

AU - Voss, H. D.

AU - Prentice, D.

AU - Hsieh, K. C.

AU - Curtis, C. C.

AU - Powell, F. R.

PY - 2000

Y1 - 2000

N2 - The IMAGE mission will be the first of its kind, designed to comprehensively image a variety of emissions from the Earth's magnetosphere, with sufficient time resolution to follow the dynamics associated with the development of magnetospheric storms. Energetic neutral atoms (ENA) emitted from the ring current during storms are one of the key emissions that will be imaged. This paper describes the characteristics of the High Energy Neutral Atom imager, HENA. Using pixelated solid state detectors, imaging microchannel plates, electron optics, and time of flight electronics, HENA is designed to return images of the ENA emitting regions of the inner magnetosphere with 2 minute time resolution, at angular resolution of 8 degrees or better above the energy of ~50 keV/nucleon. HENA will also image separately the emissions in hydrogen, helium, and oxygen above 30 keV/nucleon. HENA will reject energetic ions below 200 keV/charge, allowing ENA images to be returned in the presence of ambient energetic ions. HENA images will reveal the distribution and the evolution of energetic ion distributions as they are injected into the ring current during geomagnetic storms, as they drift about the Earth on both open and closed drift paths, and as they decay through charge exchange to pre-storm levels. Substorrn ion injections will also be imaged, as will the regions of low altitude, high latitude ion precipitation into the upper atmosphere.

AB - The IMAGE mission will be the first of its kind, designed to comprehensively image a variety of emissions from the Earth's magnetosphere, with sufficient time resolution to follow the dynamics associated with the development of magnetospheric storms. Energetic neutral atoms (ENA) emitted from the ring current during storms are one of the key emissions that will be imaged. This paper describes the characteristics of the High Energy Neutral Atom imager, HENA. Using pixelated solid state detectors, imaging microchannel plates, electron optics, and time of flight electronics, HENA is designed to return images of the ENA emitting regions of the inner magnetosphere with 2 minute time resolution, at angular resolution of 8 degrees or better above the energy of ~50 keV/nucleon. HENA will also image separately the emissions in hydrogen, helium, and oxygen above 30 keV/nucleon. HENA will reject energetic ions below 200 keV/charge, allowing ENA images to be returned in the presence of ambient energetic ions. HENA images will reveal the distribution and the evolution of energetic ion distributions as they are injected into the ring current during geomagnetic storms, as they drift about the Earth on both open and closed drift paths, and as they decay through charge exchange to pre-storm levels. Substorrn ion injections will also be imaged, as will the regions of low altitude, high latitude ion precipitation into the upper atmosphere.

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JF - Space Science Reviews

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ER -

High energy neutral atom (HENA) imager for the image mission

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