TY - JOUR
T1 - Heritability and environmental factors affecting vitamin D status in rural Chinese adolescent twins
AU - Arguelles, Lester M.
AU - Langman, Craig B.
AU - Ariza, Adolfo J.
AU - Ali, Farah N.
AU - Dilley, Kimberley
AU - Price, Heather
AU - Liu, Xin
AU - Zhang, Shanchun
AU - Hong, Xiumei
AU - Wang, Binyan
AU - Xing, Houxun
AU - Li, Zhiping
AU - Liu, Xue
AU - Zhang, Wenbin
AU - Xu, Xiping
AU - Wang, Xiaobin
PY - 2009/9
Y1 - 2009/9
N2 - Context: Factors associated with the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in China are not well described, especially among Chinese adolescents. Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine important environmental or sociodemographic factors influencing 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and estimate its heritability. Design:Asampleof226maleandfemale adolescent twinsaged13-20 yrfromalarge prospective twin cohort of rural Chinese children and adolescents that has been followed for 6 yr were evaluated. Main Outcome Measure(s): Blood level of 25(OH)D was measured using tandem mass spectrometry methodology. Results: The overall mean (SD) 25(OH)D level was 18.0 (9.4) ng/ml, with wide variation by gender and season. In males (47.4% of subjects), the mean (SD) 25(OH)D level was 12.1 (4.2) ng/ml in non-summer and 27.4 (8.8) ng/ml in summer; in females, it was 10.1 (4.1) ng/ml in non-summer and 19.5 (6.3) ng/ml insummer.Amultivariatemodelthatincludedgender,age,season, physical activity,andstudentstatus demonstrated that male gender, summer season, and high physical activity significantly increased 25(OH)D levels. Summer season and male gender also significantly decreased the risk of being in the lowest 25(OH)D tertile. Overall, 68.9% of the variability in 25(OH)D level was attributable to additive genetic influence. Stratificationbygenderfoundthat in males,85.9%ofthevariability in25(OH)Dlevel was attributable to such influence, but in females, it was only 17%. Conclusion: In this sample of rural Chinese adolescents, 25(OH)D level was influenced by gender, season, and physical activity level. There was a strong genetic influence on 25(OH)D level in males only.
AB - Context: Factors associated with the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in China are not well described, especially among Chinese adolescents. Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine important environmental or sociodemographic factors influencing 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and estimate its heritability. Design:Asampleof226maleandfemale adolescent twinsaged13-20 yrfromalarge prospective twin cohort of rural Chinese children and adolescents that has been followed for 6 yr were evaluated. Main Outcome Measure(s): Blood level of 25(OH)D was measured using tandem mass spectrometry methodology. Results: The overall mean (SD) 25(OH)D level was 18.0 (9.4) ng/ml, with wide variation by gender and season. In males (47.4% of subjects), the mean (SD) 25(OH)D level was 12.1 (4.2) ng/ml in non-summer and 27.4 (8.8) ng/ml in summer; in females, it was 10.1 (4.1) ng/ml in non-summer and 19.5 (6.3) ng/ml insummer.Amultivariatemodelthatincludedgender,age,season, physical activity,andstudentstatus demonstrated that male gender, summer season, and high physical activity significantly increased 25(OH)D levels. Summer season and male gender also significantly decreased the risk of being in the lowest 25(OH)D tertile. Overall, 68.9% of the variability in 25(OH)D level was attributable to additive genetic influence. Stratificationbygenderfoundthat in males,85.9%ofthevariability in25(OH)Dlevel was attributable to such influence, but in females, it was only 17%. Conclusion: In this sample of rural Chinese adolescents, 25(OH)D level was influenced by gender, season, and physical activity level. There was a strong genetic influence on 25(OH)D level in males only.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=69949100978&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=69949100978&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1210/jc.2008-1532
DO - 10.1210/jc.2008-1532
M3 - Article
C2 - 19549746
AN - SCOPUS:69949100978
SN - 0021-972X
VL - 94
SP - 3273
EP - 3281
JO - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
JF - Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
IS - 9
ER -