TY - JOUR
T1 - Hemoglobin, albuminuria, and kidney function in cardiovascular risk
T2 - The ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study
AU - Ishigami, Junichi
AU - Grams, Morgan E.
AU - Naik, Rakhi P.
AU - Caughey, Melissa C.
AU - Loehr, Laura R.
AU - Uchida, Shinichi
AU - Coresh, Josef
AU - Matsushita, Kunihiro
N1 - Funding Information:
Ishigami was supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grant T32HL007024. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study is performed as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contracts (HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN-268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268-201100011C, and HHSN268201100012C).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 The Authors.
PY - 2018/1/1
Y1 - 2018/1/1
N2 - Background--Reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and elevated urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) individually increase risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We hypothesized that these associations are stronger among people with abnormal (both low and high) hemoglobin levels. Methods and Results--Using 5801 participants with available hemoglobin measures of the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Community) study in 1996-1998, we explored the cross-sectional association of eGFR and ACR with hemoglobin levels and their longitudinal associations with CVD (heart failure, coronary heart disease, and stroke) risk through 2013. At baseline, 8.8% had anemia ( < 13 g/dL in men and < 12 g/dL in women) and 7.2% had high hemoglobin (≥16 g/dL in men and ≥15 g/dL in women). The adjusted prevalence ratio of anemia was 2.12 (95% confidence interval, 1.59-2.82) for eGFR 30 to 59 compared with ≥90 mL/ min per 1.73 m 2 and 1.45 (1.07-1.95) for ACR ≥30 compared with < 10 mg/g. ACR ≥30 mg/g was also associated with high hemoglobin (prevalence ratio, 1.57 [1.12-2.19] compared with < 10 mg/g). During follow-up, there were 1069 incident CVDs among 5098 CVD-free participants at baseline. In multivariable Cox models, lower eGFR, higher ACR, and anemia were each independently associated with CVD risk, with the association of low eGFR being slightly stronger in anemia (P-for-interaction, 0.072). There was no hemoglobin-ACR interaction; however, when CVD subtypes were analyzed separately, risk of coronary heart disease and stroke associated with high ACR was slightly stronger in high hemoglobin (P-for-interaction, 0.074). Conclusions--Kidney function, albuminuria, and anemia were correlated and independently associated with CVD risk. Correlation and potential interaction for atherosclerotic CVD between albuminuria and high hemoglobin deserve further investigation.
AB - Background--Reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and elevated urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) individually increase risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We hypothesized that these associations are stronger among people with abnormal (both low and high) hemoglobin levels. Methods and Results--Using 5801 participants with available hemoglobin measures of the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Community) study in 1996-1998, we explored the cross-sectional association of eGFR and ACR with hemoglobin levels and their longitudinal associations with CVD (heart failure, coronary heart disease, and stroke) risk through 2013. At baseline, 8.8% had anemia ( < 13 g/dL in men and < 12 g/dL in women) and 7.2% had high hemoglobin (≥16 g/dL in men and ≥15 g/dL in women). The adjusted prevalence ratio of anemia was 2.12 (95% confidence interval, 1.59-2.82) for eGFR 30 to 59 compared with ≥90 mL/ min per 1.73 m 2 and 1.45 (1.07-1.95) for ACR ≥30 compared with < 10 mg/g. ACR ≥30 mg/g was also associated with high hemoglobin (prevalence ratio, 1.57 [1.12-2.19] compared with < 10 mg/g). During follow-up, there were 1069 incident CVDs among 5098 CVD-free participants at baseline. In multivariable Cox models, lower eGFR, higher ACR, and anemia were each independently associated with CVD risk, with the association of low eGFR being slightly stronger in anemia (P-for-interaction, 0.072). There was no hemoglobin-ACR interaction; however, when CVD subtypes were analyzed separately, risk of coronary heart disease and stroke associated with high ACR was slightly stronger in high hemoglobin (P-for-interaction, 0.074). Conclusions--Kidney function, albuminuria, and anemia were correlated and independently associated with CVD risk. Correlation and potential interaction for atherosclerotic CVD between albuminuria and high hemoglobin deserve further investigation.
KW - Anemia
KW - Anemia and chronic kidney disease
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - Chronic kidney disease
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U2 - 10.1161/JAHA.117.007209
DO - 10.1161/JAHA.117.007209
M3 - Article
C2 - 29330257
AN - SCOPUS:85040915475
SN - 2047-9980
VL - 7
JO - Journal of the American Heart Association
JF - Journal of the American Heart Association
IS - 2
M1 - e007209
ER -