TY - JOUR
T1 - Healthy diet reduces markers of cardiac injury and inflammation regardless of macronutrients
T2 - Results from the OmniHeart trial
AU - Kovell, Lara C.
AU - Yeung, Edwina H.
AU - Miller, Edgar R.
AU - Appel, Lawrence J.
AU - Christenson, Robert H.
AU - Rebuck, Heather
AU - Schulman, Steven P.
AU - Juraschek, Stephen P.
N1 - Funding Information:
SPJ is supported by a NIH/ NHLBI 7K23HL135273-02 and NIH/NHLBI R21HL144876-01 . LCK is supported in part by an Alpha Omega Alpha Postgraduate Award (Aurora, CO). EHY is supported by the intramural research program at the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Bethesda, MD). This data was organized and provided to investigators by the NIH/NHLBI BioLincc. Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics Inc (Tarrytown, NY, USA) donated the Advia Centaur High Sensitivity-Cardiac Troponin I assays.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2020/1/15
Y1 - 2020/1/15
N2 - Background: Despite diet being a first-line strategy for preventing cardiovascular disease, the optimal macronutrient profile remains unclear. We studied the effects of macronutrient profile on subclinical cardiovascular injury and inflammation. Methods: OmniHeart was a randomized 3-period, crossover feeding study in 164 adults with high blood pressure or hypertension (SBP 120–159 or DBP 80–99 mm Hg). Participants were fed each of 3 diets (emphasizing carbohydrate (CARB), protein (PROT), or unsaturated fat (UNSAT)) for 6-weeks, with feeding periods separated by a washout period. Weight was held constant. Fasting serum was collected at baseline while participants ate their own diets and after each feeding period. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured in stored specimens. Results: The average age was 53.6 years, 55% were African American, and 45% were women. At baseline, the median (25th-percentile, 75th-percentile) hs-cTnI was 3.3 ng/L (1.9, 5.6) and hs-CRP was 2.2 mg/L (1.1, 5.2). Compared to baseline, all 3 diets reduced hs-cTnI: CARB –8.6% (95%CI: −16.1, −0.4), PROT –10.8% (−18.4, −2.5), and UNSAT −9.4% (−17.4, −0.5). Hs-CRP was similarly changed by −13.9 to −17.0%. Hs-cTnI and hs-CRP reductions were of similar magnitudes as SBP and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) but were not associated with these risk-factor reductions (P-values = 0.09). There were no between-diet differences in hs-cTnI and hs-CRP reductions. Conclusions: Healthy diet, regardless of macronutrient emphasis, directly mitigated subclinical cardiac injury and inflammation in a population at risk for cardiovascular disease. These findings support dietary recommendations emphasizing healthy foods rather than any one macronutrient. Trial Registration: This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, number: NCT00051350; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00051350.
AB - Background: Despite diet being a first-line strategy for preventing cardiovascular disease, the optimal macronutrient profile remains unclear. We studied the effects of macronutrient profile on subclinical cardiovascular injury and inflammation. Methods: OmniHeart was a randomized 3-period, crossover feeding study in 164 adults with high blood pressure or hypertension (SBP 120–159 or DBP 80–99 mm Hg). Participants were fed each of 3 diets (emphasizing carbohydrate (CARB), protein (PROT), or unsaturated fat (UNSAT)) for 6-weeks, with feeding periods separated by a washout period. Weight was held constant. Fasting serum was collected at baseline while participants ate their own diets and after each feeding period. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured in stored specimens. Results: The average age was 53.6 years, 55% were African American, and 45% were women. At baseline, the median (25th-percentile, 75th-percentile) hs-cTnI was 3.3 ng/L (1.9, 5.6) and hs-CRP was 2.2 mg/L (1.1, 5.2). Compared to baseline, all 3 diets reduced hs-cTnI: CARB –8.6% (95%CI: −16.1, −0.4), PROT –10.8% (−18.4, −2.5), and UNSAT −9.4% (−17.4, −0.5). Hs-CRP was similarly changed by −13.9 to −17.0%. Hs-cTnI and hs-CRP reductions were of similar magnitudes as SBP and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) but were not associated with these risk-factor reductions (P-values = 0.09). There were no between-diet differences in hs-cTnI and hs-CRP reductions. Conclusions: Healthy diet, regardless of macronutrient emphasis, directly mitigated subclinical cardiac injury and inflammation in a population at risk for cardiovascular disease. These findings support dietary recommendations emphasizing healthy foods rather than any one macronutrient. Trial Registration: This trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, number: NCT00051350; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00051350.
KW - Cardiovascular risk factors
KW - Diet
KW - High-sensitivity C-reactive protein
KW - High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I
KW - Hypertension
KW - Randomized trial
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85070860055&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85070860055&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.07.102
DO - 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.07.102
M3 - Article
C2 - 31447226
AN - SCOPUS:85070860055
SN - 0167-5273
VL - 299
SP - 282
EP - 288
JO - International Journal of Cardiology
JF - International Journal of Cardiology
ER -