TY - JOUR
T1 - Harmonization of multi-scanner in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy
T2 - ENIGMA consortium task group considerations
AU - Harris, Ashley D.
AU - Amiri, Houshang
AU - Bento, Mariana
AU - Cohen, Ronald
AU - Ching, Christopher R.K.
AU - Cudalbu, Christina
AU - Dennis, Emily L.
AU - Doose, Arne
AU - Ehrlich, Stefan
AU - Kirov, Ivan I.
AU - Mekle, Ralf
AU - Oeltzschner, Georg
AU - Porges, Eric
AU - Souza, Roberto
AU - Tam, Friederike I.
AU - Taylor, Brian
AU - Thompson, Paul M.
AU - Quidé, Yann
AU - Wilde, Elisabeth A.
AU - Williamson, John
AU - Lin, Alexander P.
AU - Bartnik-Olson, Brenda
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2023 Harris, Amiri, Bento, Cohen, Ching, Cudalbu, Dennis, Doose, Ehrlich, Kirov, Mekle, Oeltzschner, Porges, Souza, Tam, Taylor, Thompson, Quidé, Wilde, Williamson, Lin and Bartnik-Olson.
PY - 2023/1/4
Y1 - 2023/1/4
N2 - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a powerful, non-invasive, quantitative imaging technique that allows for the measurement of brain metabolites that has demonstrated utility in diagnosing and characterizing a broad range of neurological diseases. Its impact, however, has been limited due to small sample sizes and methodological variability in addition to intrinsic limitations of the method itself such as its sensitivity to motion. The lack of standardization from a data acquisition and data processing perspective makes it difficult to pool multiple studies and/or conduct multisite studies that are necessary for supporting clinically relevant findings. Based on the experience of the ENIGMA MRS work group and a review of the literature, this manuscript provides an overview of the current state of MRS data harmonization. Key factors that need to be taken into consideration when conducting both retrospective and prospective studies are described. These include (1) MRS acquisition issues such as pulse sequence, RF and B0 calibrations, echo time, and SNR; (2) data processing issues such as pre-processing steps, modeling, and quantitation; and (3) biological factors such as voxel location, age, sex, and pathology. Various approaches to MRS data harmonization are then described including meta-analysis, mega-analysis, linear modeling, ComBat and artificial intelligence approaches. The goal is to provide both novice and experienced readers with the necessary knowledge for conducting MRS data harmonization studies.
AB - Magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a powerful, non-invasive, quantitative imaging technique that allows for the measurement of brain metabolites that has demonstrated utility in diagnosing and characterizing a broad range of neurological diseases. Its impact, however, has been limited due to small sample sizes and methodological variability in addition to intrinsic limitations of the method itself such as its sensitivity to motion. The lack of standardization from a data acquisition and data processing perspective makes it difficult to pool multiple studies and/or conduct multisite studies that are necessary for supporting clinically relevant findings. Based on the experience of the ENIGMA MRS work group and a review of the literature, this manuscript provides an overview of the current state of MRS data harmonization. Key factors that need to be taken into consideration when conducting both retrospective and prospective studies are described. These include (1) MRS acquisition issues such as pulse sequence, RF and B0 calibrations, echo time, and SNR; (2) data processing issues such as pre-processing steps, modeling, and quantitation; and (3) biological factors such as voxel location, age, sex, and pathology. Various approaches to MRS data harmonization are then described including meta-analysis, mega-analysis, linear modeling, ComBat and artificial intelligence approaches. The goal is to provide both novice and experienced readers with the necessary knowledge for conducting MRS data harmonization studies.
KW - brain
KW - harmonization
KW - magnetic resonance spectroscopy
KW - multi-site
KW - multi-vendor
KW - prospective
KW - retrospective
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U2 - 10.3389/fneur.2022.1045678
DO - 10.3389/fneur.2022.1045678
M3 - Review article
C2 - 36686533
AN - SCOPUS:85146469381
SN - 1664-2295
VL - 13
JO - Frontiers in Neurology
JF - Frontiers in Neurology
M1 - 1045678
ER -