TY - GEN
T1 - Freeform Stimulator (FS) Implant Control System for Non-Pulsatile Arbitrary Waveform Neuromodulation
AU - Foxworthy, Grace E.
AU - Fridman, Gene Y.
N1 - Funding Information:
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We would like to thank Chaojun Cheng and Rounak Baid for their microfluidics work which formed the practical requirements for this model. Research was funded by NIH R01NS110893, NIH R01DC 018300 and Australia NHMRC Ideas Grant APP1187416.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 IEEE.
PY - 2022
Y1 - 2022
N2 - Conventional neurostimulators deliver charge-balanced biphasic current pulses through metal electrodes implanted near a neural target to excite neurons and achieve a therapeutic goal. This type of stimulation avoids accumulating charge on the electrodes so that adverse electrochemical reactions are eliminated or minimized. However, these devices are mostly limited to generating phase-locked, excitatory neural activity. In contrast, direct ionic current can excite, inhibit, and control neural sensitivity. For this reason, we are developing a Freeform Stimulator (FS) neural implant. It uses a microfluidic system to convert charge-balanced current waveforms through the electrodes embedded in the device into ionic current waveforms at the output ports to provide arbitrary non-pulsatile waveforms for neuromodulation. Because there is no net charge accumulation on the metal electrodes within the device, the formation of bubbles and electrochemical byproducts is prevented. Previous publications have described the progress of the development of multiple aspects of the physical prototype. Here, we describe and model the closed-loop control system used to operate the device.
AB - Conventional neurostimulators deliver charge-balanced biphasic current pulses through metal electrodes implanted near a neural target to excite neurons and achieve a therapeutic goal. This type of stimulation avoids accumulating charge on the electrodes so that adverse electrochemical reactions are eliminated or minimized. However, these devices are mostly limited to generating phase-locked, excitatory neural activity. In contrast, direct ionic current can excite, inhibit, and control neural sensitivity. For this reason, we are developing a Freeform Stimulator (FS) neural implant. It uses a microfluidic system to convert charge-balanced current waveforms through the electrodes embedded in the device into ionic current waveforms at the output ports to provide arbitrary non-pulsatile waveforms for neuromodulation. Because there is no net charge accumulation on the metal electrodes within the device, the formation of bubbles and electrochemical byproducts is prevented. Previous publications have described the progress of the development of multiple aspects of the physical prototype. Here, we describe and model the closed-loop control system used to operate the device.
KW - control systems
KW - direct current stimulation
KW - neuromodulation
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U2 - 10.1109/BioCAS54905.2022.9948622
DO - 10.1109/BioCAS54905.2022.9948622
M3 - Conference contribution
AN - SCOPUS:85142929553
T3 - BioCAS 2022 - IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference: Intelligent Biomedical Systems for a Better Future, Proceedings
SP - 321
EP - 325
BT - BioCAS 2022 - IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference
PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
T2 - 2022 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference, BioCAS 2022
Y2 - 13 October 2022 through 15 October 2022
ER -