@article{ec2f4d312d394e538246fe0483c93f4b,
title = "Fractalkine enhances oligodendrocyte regeneration and remyelination in a demyelination mouse model",
abstract = "Demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) occur when myelin and oligodendrocytes are damaged or lost. Remyelination and regeneration of oligodendrocytes can be achieved from endogenous oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) that reside in the adult CNS tissue. Using a cuprizone mouse model of demyelination, we show that infusion of fractalkine (CX3CL1) into the demyelinated murine brain increases de novo oligodendrocyte formation and enhances remyelination in the corpus callosum and cortical gray matter. This is achieved by increased OPC proliferation in the cortical gray matter as well as OPC differentiation and attenuation of microglia/macrophage activation both in corpus callosum and cortical gray matter. Finally, we show that activated OPCs and microglia/macrophages express fractalkine receptor CX3CR1 in vivo, and that in OPC-microglia co-cultures fractalkine increases in vitro oligodendrocyte differentiation by modulating both OPC and microglia biology. Our results demonstrate a novel pro-regenerative role of fractalkine in a demyelinating mouse model.",
keywords = "CX3CL1, CX3CR1, NG2, OPC, chemokine, differentiation, multiple sclerosis, myelination, neuron-glia, regeneration",
author = "{de Almeida}, {Monique M.A.} and Watson, {Adrianne E.S.} and Sana Bibi and Dittmann, {Nicole L.} and Kara Goodkey and Pedram Sharafodinzadeh and Danny Galleguillos and Maryam Nakhaei-Nejad and Jayasankar Kosaraju and Noam Steinberg and Wang, {Beatrix S.} and Tim Footz and Fabrizio Giuliani and Jing Wang and Simonetta Sipione and Edgar, {Julia M.} and Anastassia Voronova",
note = "Funding Information: This work was funded by MS Society of Canada (3573) and CIHR operating grants (PS 166120), CIHR team grant (NEURON 161466 under the frame of Neuron Cofund), and Canada Research Chairs award in Neural Stem Cell Biology awarded to A.V. UK MS Society Grant (#37) to J.M.E. and by NSERC Discovery grant (RGPIN-2016-06343) and GlycoNet (ND-05) to S.S. M.M.A.A. received IBRO Short state grant to train in TEM by J.M.E. A.E.S.W. and S.B. were supported by the MS Society of Canada EndMS scholarships; A.E.S.W. K.G. and B.S.W. by WCHRI Scholarships; N.L.D. by the NSERC PGS-D, Brad Mates E Drive for Research Fund and the NMHI. We thank Drs. Hughes and Simmonds for access to the confocal microscope, Imaris software, and qRT-PCR instrument; Tracy Tan and Fajar Khan for technical assistance. TEM was carried out in the Experimental Oncology Cell Imaging Facility at the University of Alberta. The authors declare no competing interests. Funding Information: This work was funded by MS Society of Canada (3573) and CIHR operating grants ( PS 166120 ), CIHR team grant ( NEURON 161466 under the frame of Neuron Cofund ), and Canada Research Chairs award in Neural Stem Cell Biology awarded to A.V., UK MS Society Grant ( #37 ) to J.M.E., and by NSERC Discovery grant ( RGPIN-2016-06343 ) and GlycoNet ( ND-05 ) to S.S. M.M.A.A. received IBRO Short state grant to train in TEM by J.M.E. A.E.S.W. and S.B. were supported by the MS Society of Canada EndMS scholarships; A.E.S.W., K.G. and B.S.W. by WCHRI Scholarships; N.L.D. by the NSERC PGS-D, Brad Mates E Drive for Research Fund and the NMHI . We thank Drs. Hughes and Simmonds for access to the confocal microscope, Imaris software, and qRT-PCR instrument; Tracy Tan and Fajar Khan for technical assistance. TEM was carried out in the Experimental Oncology Cell Imaging Facility at the University of Alberta. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 The Author(s)",
year = "2023",
month = feb,
day = "14",
doi = "10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.12.001",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "18",
pages = "519--533",
journal = "Stem Cell Reports",
issn = "2213-6711",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "2",
}