TY - JOUR
T1 - Four and one-half-year follow-up of the effectiveness of diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-acellular pertussis/Haemophilus influenzae type b and diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-acellular pertussis-inactivated poliovirus/H. influenzae type b combination vaccines in Germany
AU - Kalies, Helen
AU - Verstraeten, Thomas
AU - Grote, Veit
AU - Meyer, Nicole
AU - Siedler, Anette
AU - Schmitt, Heinz Josef
AU - Breuer, Thomas
AU - Moulton, Lawrence H.
AU - Von Kries, Rüdiger
PY - 2004/10/1
Y1 - 2004/10/1
N2 - Background: Recently an increase in the number of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) cases was observed in the United Kingdom, which coincided with a temporary change from diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-wild-type pertussis to diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-acellular pertussis (DTaP) Hib vaccines. A study in Germany based on approximately 2 years of follow-up, estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) of DTaP/Hib and DTaP-inactivated poliovirus/Hib combination vaccines against invasive Hib disease to be high. Objectives: To assess VE of DTaP-containing Hib vaccines against Hib in Germany with the use of extended follow-up of case surveillance and vaccine uptake. Subjects and Methods: Cases with confirmed systemic Hib infections in children born between June 1, 1996 and December 31, 1998 were ascertained by a nationwide active surveillance system from January 1998 through June 2002. A representative subcohort of 667 children born in the same time frame was randomly sampled in a nationwide vaccine coverage survey. VE was determined with a case-cohort approach of Cox regression with time-dependent covariates. Results: Thirty-six cases of Hib disease were reported. Of these, 10 were vaccinated with DTaP-containing Hib vaccines only and 20 were not vaccinated. Of the 10 vaccinated cases, 4 had received an incomplete primary series (1-2 doses), and 6 had received the full primary series (3 doses), 3 of whom also received the booster dose. VE of combination vaccines against invasive Hib infection was 89.6% [95% confidence interval (CI), 67.0-96.7] for an incomplete primary series, 96.7% (95% CI 87.7-99.1) for a full primary series and 98.5% (95% CI 94.5-99.6) for a booster dose (irrespective of priming). Conclusion: Hib combination vaccines containing acellular pertussis antigens continue to be highly effective in Germany.
AB - Background: Recently an increase in the number of invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) cases was observed in the United Kingdom, which coincided with a temporary change from diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-wild-type pertussis to diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-acellular pertussis (DTaP) Hib vaccines. A study in Germany based on approximately 2 years of follow-up, estimated vaccine effectiveness (VE) of DTaP/Hib and DTaP-inactivated poliovirus/Hib combination vaccines against invasive Hib disease to be high. Objectives: To assess VE of DTaP-containing Hib vaccines against Hib in Germany with the use of extended follow-up of case surveillance and vaccine uptake. Subjects and Methods: Cases with confirmed systemic Hib infections in children born between June 1, 1996 and December 31, 1998 were ascertained by a nationwide active surveillance system from January 1998 through June 2002. A representative subcohort of 667 children born in the same time frame was randomly sampled in a nationwide vaccine coverage survey. VE was determined with a case-cohort approach of Cox regression with time-dependent covariates. Results: Thirty-six cases of Hib disease were reported. Of these, 10 were vaccinated with DTaP-containing Hib vaccines only and 20 were not vaccinated. Of the 10 vaccinated cases, 4 had received an incomplete primary series (1-2 doses), and 6 had received the full primary series (3 doses), 3 of whom also received the booster dose. VE of combination vaccines against invasive Hib infection was 89.6% [95% confidence interval (CI), 67.0-96.7] for an incomplete primary series, 96.7% (95% CI 87.7-99.1) for a full primary series and 98.5% (95% CI 94.5-99.6) for a booster dose (irrespective of priming). Conclusion: Hib combination vaccines containing acellular pertussis antigens continue to be highly effective in Germany.
KW - Diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-acellular pertussis-inactivated poliovirus/Haemophilus influenzae type b combination vaccine
KW - Diphtheria-tetanus toxoids-acellular pertussis/Haemophilus influenzae type b combination vaccine
KW - Haemophilus influenzae type b
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U2 - 10.1097/01.inf.0000141743.74443.73
DO - 10.1097/01.inf.0000141743.74443.73
M3 - Article
C2 - 15602195
AN - SCOPUS:16544369427
SN - 0891-3668
VL - 23
SP - 944
EP - 950
JO - Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
JF - Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
IS - 10
ER -