@article{65f3c1f471d34118bb1efbbcc100f821,
title = "Focal optogenetic suppression in macaque area MT biases direction discrimination and decision confidence, but only transiently",
abstract = "Insights from causal manipulations of brain activity depend on targeting the spatial and temporal scales most relevant for behavior. Using a sensitive perceptual decision task in monkeys, we examined the effects of rapid, reversible inactivation on a spatial scale previously achieved only with electrical microstimulation. Inactivating groups of similarly tuned neurons in area MT produced systematic effects on choice and confidence. Behavioral effects were attenuated over the course of each session, suggesting compensatory adjustments in the downstream readout of MT over tens of minutes. Compensation also occurred on a sub-second time scale: behavior was largely unaffected when the visual stimulus (and concurrent suppression) lasted longer than 350 ms. These trends were similar for choice and confidence, consistent with the idea of a common mechanism underlying both measures. The findings demonstrate the utility of hyperpolarizing opsins for linking neural population activity at fine spatial and temporal scales to cognitive functions in primates.",
author = "Fetsch, {Christopher R.} and Odean, {Naomi N.} and Danique Jeurissen and Yasmine El-Shamayleh and Horwitz, {Gregory D.} and Shadlen, {Michael N.}",
note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the National Eye Institute. DJ is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Simons Collaboration on the Global Brain. We thank Dr. Mehrdad Jazayeri (MIT) for contributions to the early development of the project, Dr. Ed Boyden (MIT) and his lab for developing and sharing the Jaws construct, Brian Madeira for technical support and animal care, and members of the Shadlen lab for discussions. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Christopher R Fetsch Naomi N Odean Danique Jeurissen Michael N Shadlen. National Eye Institute EY11378 Christopher R Fetsch Naomi N Odean Danique Jeurissen Michael N Shadlen. National Eye Institute EY018849 Yasmine El-Shamayleh Gregory D Horwitz Simons Foundation Simons Collaboration on the Global Brain Postdoctoral Fellowship Danique Jeurissen. Funding Information: This research was supported by the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the National Eye Institute. DJ is supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Simons Collaboration on the Global Brain. We thank Dr. Mehrdad Jazayeri (MIT) for contributions to the early development of the project, Dr. Ed Boyden (MIT) and his lab for developing and sharing the Jaws construct, Brian Madeira for technical support and animal care, and members of the Shadlen lab for discussions. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} Fetsch et al.",
year = "2018",
month = jul,
day = "27",
doi = "10.7554/eLife.36523",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "7",
journal = "eLife",
issn = "2050-084X",
publisher = "eLife Sciences Publications",
}