TY - JOUR
T1 - Fatty acid composition of wild anthropoid primate milks
AU - Milligan, Lauren A.
AU - Rapoport, Stanley I.
AU - Cranfield, Michael R.
AU - Dittus, Wolfgang
AU - Glander, Kenneth E.
AU - Oftedal, Olav T.
AU - Power, Michael L.
AU - Whittier, Christopher A.
AU - Bazinet, Richard P.
N1 - Funding Information:
LAM: This study was funded by Wenner Gren Foundation Dissertation Fieldwork Grant 7360 and LSB Leakey Foundation Grant 1965. RPB and SIR were supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health and RPB was also received a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. MRC/CAW: Office Rwandais Du Tourisme Et Des Parcs Nationaux (ORTPN) and Karisoke Research Center of Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International. The study was also partly funded by the Morris Animal Foundation. WD: Field research was supported by the National Science Foundation (BNS 9510894), the Harry Frank Guggenheim Foundation, and Earthwatch. We thank Sunil Gunatilake and Lalith Jayawickrama for technical assistance. KEG: This research has been funded in part by NSF grants GS-31733 and BNS 8819733 plus an REU Supplement, Duke University Research Council grants, Duke University Biomedical Research Support grants, and COSHEN-Pew grants. He thanks Stephan Schmidheiny and the Board of Directors of La Pacifica for their permission to keep the La Pacifica Howler Project going on La Pacifica for the past 36 years. OTO: Laboratory supplies and equipment maintenance at the NZP Nutrition Lab were supported by the Smithsonian Institution. We thank Michael Jakubasz for assistance in sample shipping and laboratory procedures. MLP: Field and laboratory research were supported by PHS grant RR2022 and grants from PROBIO (Edital 01/1997 with funds from MMA/GEF/CNPq) to the Golden Lion Tamarin Association and from CNPq and FAPERJ.
PY - 2008/1
Y1 - 2008/1
N2 - Fatty acids in milk reflect the interplay between species-specific physiological mechanisms and maternal diet. Anthropoid primates (apes, Old and New World monkeys) vary in patterns of growth and development and dietary strategies. Milk fatty acid profiles also are predicted to vary widely. This study investigates milk fatty acid composition of five wild anthropoids (Alouatta palliata, Callithrix jacchus, Gorilla beringei beringei, Leontopithecus rosalia, Macaca sinica) to test the null hypothesis of a generalized anthropoid milk fatty acid composition. Milk from New and Old World monkeys had significantly more 8:0 and 10:0 than milk from apes. The leaf eating species G. b. beringei and A. paliatta had a significantly higher proportion of milk 18:3n-3, a fatty acid found primarily in plant lipids. Mean percent composition of 22:6n-3 was significantly different among monkeys and apes, but was similar to the lowest reported values for human milk. Mountain gorillas were unique among anthropoids in the high proportion of milk 20:4n-6. This seems to be unrelated to requirements of a larger brain and may instead reflect species-specific metabolic processes or an unknown source of this fatty acid in the mountain gorilla diet.
AB - Fatty acids in milk reflect the interplay between species-specific physiological mechanisms and maternal diet. Anthropoid primates (apes, Old and New World monkeys) vary in patterns of growth and development and dietary strategies. Milk fatty acid profiles also are predicted to vary widely. This study investigates milk fatty acid composition of five wild anthropoids (Alouatta palliata, Callithrix jacchus, Gorilla beringei beringei, Leontopithecus rosalia, Macaca sinica) to test the null hypothesis of a generalized anthropoid milk fatty acid composition. Milk from New and Old World monkeys had significantly more 8:0 and 10:0 than milk from apes. The leaf eating species G. b. beringei and A. paliatta had a significantly higher proportion of milk 18:3n-3, a fatty acid found primarily in plant lipids. Mean percent composition of 22:6n-3 was significantly different among monkeys and apes, but was similar to the lowest reported values for human milk. Mountain gorillas were unique among anthropoids in the high proportion of milk 20:4n-6. This seems to be unrelated to requirements of a larger brain and may instead reflect species-specific metabolic processes or an unknown source of this fatty acid in the mountain gorilla diet.
KW - Anthropoid
KW - Fatty acid
KW - Milk composition
KW - Primate
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=36749099489&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=36749099489&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cbpb.2007.08.006
DO - 10.1016/j.cbpb.2007.08.006
M3 - Article
C2 - 17916436
AN - SCOPUS:36749099489
SN - 1096-4959
VL - 149
SP - 74
EP - 82
JO - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
JF - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - B Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
IS - 1
ER -