TY - JOUR
T1 - Factors associated with the prevalence and incidence of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection among men in rakai, uganda
AU - Tobian, Aaron A.R.
AU - Charvat, Blake
AU - Ssempijja, Victor
AU - Kigozi, Godfrey
AU - Serwadda, David
AU - Makumbi, Frederick
AU - Iga, Boaz
AU - Laeyendecker, Oliver
AU - Riedesel, Melissa
AU - Oliver, Amy
AU - Chen, Michael Z.
AU - Reynolds, Steven J.
AU - Wawer, Maria J.
AU - Gray, Ronald H.
AU - Quinn, Thomas C.
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support: National Institutes of Health (grant U1AI51171 to the trials); Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (grant 22006.02 to the trials); Fogarty International Center (grants 5D43TW001508 and D43TW00015 to the trials); Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (support to this study). a T.C.Q. and R.H.G. share senior authorship. Reprints or correspondence: Dr. Aaron A. R. Tobian, 855 N. Wolfe St., Rm. 527, Baltimore, MD 21205 (atobian1@jhmi.edu).
Funding Information:
sults of the trials have been reported elsewhere [8, 9]. In brief, eligible persons were informed of study procedures and risks, provided written informed consent before screening, and provided additional written consent for enrollment. Men were excluded from the trial if they had anemia, active genital infections, anatomical abnormalities (e.g., hypospadias), or medical indications or contraindications for surgery (e.g., severe phimosis). Men were randomly assigned to receive immediate circumcision or circumcision delayed for 24 months. Serological testing for HIV, HSV-2, and syphilis and physical examinations and interviews to ascertain sociodemographic characteristics and sexual risk behaviors were conducted at baseline and repeated at 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up visits. Samples were collected by trained staff, and serum was stored at −70°C. At each visit, all subjects were provided free HIV counseling and testing, health education, and condoms. All participants found to be HIV positive were referred to an HIV treatment program funded by the President’s Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief.
PY - 2009/4/1
Y1 - 2009/4/1
N2 - Little is known about risk factors for incident herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection among men in Africa. In a trial in Rakai, Uganda, 6396 men aged 15-49 years were evaluated for serological evidence of HSV-2, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis infections at enrollment and at 6, 12, and 24 months. The prevalence of HSV-2 infection was 33.76%, and the incidence was 4.90 cases per 100 person-years. HSV-2 incidence increased with alcohol use with sexual intercourse (adjusted incidence rate ratio [adjIRR], 1.92 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.46-2.53]), decreased with consistent condom use (adjIRR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.36-0.89]) and male circumcision (adjIRR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.55-0.91]), and was not significantly affected by enrollment HIV status. Education on modifiable behavioral changes may reduce the acquisition of HSV-2. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT00425984 and NCT00124878.)
AB - Little is known about risk factors for incident herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection among men in Africa. In a trial in Rakai, Uganda, 6396 men aged 15-49 years were evaluated for serological evidence of HSV-2, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and syphilis infections at enrollment and at 6, 12, and 24 months. The prevalence of HSV-2 infection was 33.76%, and the incidence was 4.90 cases per 100 person-years. HSV-2 incidence increased with alcohol use with sexual intercourse (adjusted incidence rate ratio [adjIRR], 1.92 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.46-2.53]), decreased with consistent condom use (adjIRR, 0.56 [95% CI, 0.36-0.89]) and male circumcision (adjIRR, 0.70 [95% CI, 0.55-0.91]), and was not significantly affected by enrollment HIV status. Education on modifiable behavioral changes may reduce the acquisition of HSV-2. (ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT00425984 and NCT00124878.)
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U2 - 10.1086/597074
DO - 10.1086/597074
M3 - Article
C2 - 19220138
AN - SCOPUS:65649108559
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 199
SP - 945
EP - 949
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 7
ER -