TY - JOUR
T1 - Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) among highway toll station workers in Taipei
T2 - Direct and indirect exposure assessment
AU - Lai, Ching Huang
AU - Liou, Saou Hsing
AU - Shih, Tung Sheng
AU - Tsai, Perng Jy
AU - Chen, Hsiao Lung
AU - Chang, Yue Cune
AU - Buckley, Timothy J.
AU - Strickland, Paul
AU - Jaakkola, Jouni J.K.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was supported by National Science Council in Taiwan (NSC 89-2320-B-016-053, NSC89-2314-B-016-116). Submitted for publication August 14, 2003; accepted for publication January 5, 2004. Reprint requests should be sent to Prof. Jouni J. K. Jaakkola, Director, Institute of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K. E-mail: j.jaakkola@bham.ac.uk
Copyright:
Copyright 2008 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2004/3
Y1 - 2004/3
N2 - In this study, the authors assessed occupational exposure to PM 2.5 among 47 highway toll station workers in Taipei, Taiwan. The subjects were monitored for 10 days to assess integrated 8-hr fine particulate matter (PM2.5) breathing zone concentration. Researchers constructed a microenvironment-time-concentration matrix and applied direct and indirect approaches to assess cumulative exposure. Mean PM2.5 concentration for workers in the truck and bus lanes was 308 μg/m3 (SD = 115.5 μg/m3), substantially higher compared with cash-payment car lanes (mean 115, SD = 41.8, p < 0.001) and ticket-payment car lanes (mean 109, SD = 48.7, p < 0.001). Concentration per vehicle in the truck and bus lanes was 6.4 and 3.7 times higher, respectively, than that of ticket- or cash-payment car lanes. Mean cumulative exposure for the 10-day period was 4,900-13,407 μg/m3 · hr, with a mean of 8,019 μg/m3 · hr (SD = 2,375.3). Indirect and direct concentrations were strongly correlated (r2 = .61, F(1, 125); p = 0.000). The results of this study show that personal exposure to PM2.5 can be reliably estimated using indirect approaches.
AB - In this study, the authors assessed occupational exposure to PM 2.5 among 47 highway toll station workers in Taipei, Taiwan. The subjects were monitored for 10 days to assess integrated 8-hr fine particulate matter (PM2.5) breathing zone concentration. Researchers constructed a microenvironment-time-concentration matrix and applied direct and indirect approaches to assess cumulative exposure. Mean PM2.5 concentration for workers in the truck and bus lanes was 308 μg/m3 (SD = 115.5 μg/m3), substantially higher compared with cash-payment car lanes (mean 115, SD = 41.8, p < 0.001) and ticket-payment car lanes (mean 109, SD = 48.7, p < 0.001). Concentration per vehicle in the truck and bus lanes was 6.4 and 3.7 times higher, respectively, than that of ticket- or cash-payment car lanes. Mean cumulative exposure for the 10-day period was 4,900-13,407 μg/m3 · hr, with a mean of 8,019 μg/m3 · hr (SD = 2,375.3). Indirect and direct concentrations were strongly correlated (r2 = .61, F(1, 125); p = 0.000). The results of this study show that personal exposure to PM2.5 can be reliably estimated using indirect approaches.
KW - Exposure assessment
KW - PM
KW - Toll worker
KW - Traffic density
KW - Traffic exhaust
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U2 - 10.3200/AEOH.59.3.138-148
DO - 10.3200/AEOH.59.3.138-148
M3 - Article
C2 - 16121903
AN - SCOPUS:23844546515
SN - 0003-9896
VL - 59
SP - 138
EP - 148
JO - Archives of Environmental Health
JF - Archives of Environmental Health
IS - 3
ER -