@inproceedings{ba4f6839e3704461b349e2c1d2769d5e,
title = "Evaluation of Mean Shift, ComBat, and CycleGAN for Harmonizing Brain Connectivity Matrices Across Sites",
abstract = "Connectivity matrices derived from diffusion MRI (dMRI) provide an interpretable and generalizable way of understanding the human brain connectome. However, dMRI suffers from inter-site and between-scanner variation, which impedes analysis across datasets to improve robustness and reproducibility of results. To evaluate different harmonization approaches on connectivity matrices, we compared graph measures derived from these matrices before and after applying three harmonization techniques: mean shift, ComBat, and CycleGAN. The sample comprises 168 age-matched, sex-matched normal subjects from two studies: the Vanderbilt Memory and Aging Project (VMAP) and the Biomarkers of Cognitive Decline Among Normal Individuals (BIOCARD). First, we plotted the graph measures and used coefficient of variation (CoV) and the Mann-Whitney U test to evaluate different methods{\textquoteright} effectiveness in removing site effects on the matrices and the derived graph measures. ComBat effectively eliminated site effects for global efficiency and modularity and outperformed the other two methods. However, all methods exhibited poor performance when harmonizing average betweenness centrality. Second, we tested whether our harmonization methods preserved correlations between age and graph measures. All methods except for CycleGAN in one direction improved correlations between age and global efficiency and between age and modularity from insignificant to significant with p-values less than 0.05.",
keywords = "ComBat, Connectivity matrix, CycleGAN, connectome, dMRI, graph measure, harmonization, mean shift",
author = "{The BIOCARD Study Team} and Hanliang Xu and Newlin, {Nancy R.} and Kim, {Michael E.} and Chenyu Gao and Praitayini Kanakaraj and Krishnan, {Aravind R.} and Remedios, {Lucas W.} and Khairi, {Nazirah Mohd} and Kimberly Pechman and Derek Archer and Hohman, {Timothy J.} and Jefferson, {Angela L.} and Ivana Isgum and Yuankai Huo and Daniel Moyer and Schilling, {Kurt G.} and Landman, {Bennett A.} and Marilyn Albert and Barbara Rodzon and Anja Soldan and Rebecca Gottesman and Corinne Pettigrew and Leonie Farrington and Maura Grega and Gay Rudow and Rostislav Brichko and Scott Rudow and Jules Giles and Ned Sacktor and Michael Miller and Susumu Mori and Anthony Kolasny and Hanzhang Lu and Kenichi Oishi and Tilak Ratnanather and Peter vanZijl and Laurent Younes and Abhay Moghekar and Jacqueline Darrow and Alexandria Lewis and Richard O{\textquoteright}Brien and Roberta Scherer and Ann Ervin and David Shade and Jiangxia Wang and Juan Troncoso and Olga Pletnikova and Paul Worley and Jeremy Walston and Wang, {Mei Cheng}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2024 SPIE.; Medical Imaging 2024: Image Processing ; Conference date: 19-02-2024 Through 22-02-2024",
year = "2024",
doi = "10.1117/12.3005563",
language = "English (US)",
series = "Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE",
publisher = "SPIE",
editor = "Olivier Colliot and Jhimli Mitra",
booktitle = "Medical Imaging 2024",
}