TY - JOUR
T1 - Enduring impact of childhood adversity
T2 - Affective modulation of acoustic startle response during pregnancy and postpartum
AU - Hantsoo, Liisa
AU - Duffy, Korrina A.
AU - Sammel, Mary
AU - Johnson, Rachel L.
AU - Kim, Deborah
AU - Grillon, Christian
AU - Epperson, C. Neill
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2023/1/1
Y1 - 2023/1/1
N2 - Background: Women with a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) enter pregnancy and the postpartum with a physiologic system programmed by early life stress, potentially reflected in psychophysiologic reactivity. Methods: We enrolled pregnant, psychiatrically healthy women ≥18 years old. Using the ACE Questionnaire, women were categorized as high (≥2 ACEs; n = 77) or low ACE (<2 ACEs; n = 72). Participants completed an affective modulation of acoustic startle response (ASR) task during pregnancy and postpartum, in which ASR magnitude was measured while participants viewed pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral pictures. Two types of control trials were included (habituation trials presented at baseline and intertrial interval trials presented when no picture was present). Results: Among high ACE women, ASR was significantly higher postpartum compared with pregnancy in the unpleasant (p = 0.002, β = 0.46, 95% CI [0.18, 0.74], χ2 = 10.12, z = 3.18) and intertrial interval trials (p = 0.002, β = 0.44, 95% CI [0.16, 0.73], χ2 = 9.25, z = 3.04), accounting for multiple comparisons using a Bonferroni correction at p < 0.005. Among low ACE women, ASR was similar in pregnancy and postpartum. Conclusions: Physiological reactivity increased in high ACE women from pregnancy to postpartum, but no change was observed in low ACE women.
AB - Background: Women with a history of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) enter pregnancy and the postpartum with a physiologic system programmed by early life stress, potentially reflected in psychophysiologic reactivity. Methods: We enrolled pregnant, psychiatrically healthy women ≥18 years old. Using the ACE Questionnaire, women were categorized as high (≥2 ACEs; n = 77) or low ACE (<2 ACEs; n = 72). Participants completed an affective modulation of acoustic startle response (ASR) task during pregnancy and postpartum, in which ASR magnitude was measured while participants viewed pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral pictures. Two types of control trials were included (habituation trials presented at baseline and intertrial interval trials presented when no picture was present). Results: Among high ACE women, ASR was significantly higher postpartum compared with pregnancy in the unpleasant (p = 0.002, β = 0.46, 95% CI [0.18, 0.74], χ2 = 10.12, z = 3.18) and intertrial interval trials (p = 0.002, β = 0.44, 95% CI [0.16, 0.73], χ2 = 9.25, z = 3.04), accounting for multiple comparisons using a Bonferroni correction at p < 0.005. Among low ACE women, ASR was similar in pregnancy and postpartum. Conclusions: Physiological reactivity increased in high ACE women from pregnancy to postpartum, but no change was observed in low ACE women.
KW - Acoustic startle response
KW - Adverse childhood experiences
KW - Early life stress
KW - Perinatal
KW - Postpartum
KW - Pregnancy
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U2 - 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.114031
DO - 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.114031
M3 - Article
C2 - 36402424
AN - SCOPUS:85142424779
SN - 0031-9384
VL - 258
JO - Physiology and Behavior
JF - Physiology and Behavior
M1 - 114031
ER -