@article{b970bc87a4064303ab5b7e7fcb09693d,
title = "Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on caregiver mental health and the child caregiving environment in a low-resource, rural context",
abstract = "Early child development has been influenced directly and indirectly by the COVID-19 pandemic, and these effects are exacerbated in contexts of poverty. This study estimates effects of the pandemic and subsequent population lockdowns on mental health, caregiving practices, and freedom of movement among female caregivers of children 6–27 months (50% female), in rural Bangladesh. A cohort (N = 517) was assessed before and during the pandemic (May–June, 2019 and July–September, 2020). Caregivers who experienced more food insecurity and financial loss during the pandemic reported larger increases in depressive symptoms (0.26 SD, 95% CI 0.08–0.44; 0.21 SD, 0.04–0.40) compared to less affected caregivers. Stimulating caregiving and freedom of movement results were inconsistent. Increases in depressive symptoms during the pandemic may have consequences for child development.",
author = "Pitchik, {Helen O.} and Fahmida Tofail and Fahmida Akter and Jesmin Sultana and Shoab, {A. K.M.} and Huda, {Tarique M.N.} and Forsyth, {Jenna E.} and Natasha Kaushal and Tania Jahir and Farzana Yeasmin and Rizwana Khan and Das, {Jyoti B.} and {Khobair Hossain}, Md and Hasan, {Md Rezaul} and Mahbubur Rahman and Winch, {Peter J.} and Luby, {Stephen P.} and Fernald, {Lia C.H.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was supported, in whole or in part, by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1146808]. Under the grant conditions of the Foundation, a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License has already been assigned to the Author Accepted Manuscript version that might arise from this submission. Funding Information: This work was supported, in whole or in part, by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [OPP1146808]. Under the grant conditions of the Foundation, a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Generic License has already been assigned to the Author Accepted Manuscript version that might arise from this submission. We thank the participants, data collectors, and field staff for their dedication to this study. icddr,b acknowledges the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundations for funding this project. icddr,b is also grateful to the Government of Bangladesh, Canada, Sweden, and UK for providing core/unrestricted support. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors. Child Development published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for Research in Child Development",
year = "2021",
month = sep,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1111/cdev.13651",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "92",
pages = "e764--e780",
journal = "Child development",
issn = "0009-3920",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "5",
}