TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of smoke-free workplaces on smoking behaviour
T2 - Systematic review
AU - Fichtenberg, Caroline M.
AU - Glantz, Stanton A.
PY - 2002/7/27
Y1 - 2002/7/27
N2 - Objective: To quantify the effects of smoke-free workplaces on smoking in employees and compare these effects to those achieved through tax increases. Design: Systematic review with a random effects meta-analysis. Study selection: 26 studies on the effects of smoke-free workplaces. Setting: Workplaces in the United States, Australia, Canada, and Germany. Participants: Employees in unrestricted and totally smoke-free workplaces. Main outcome measures: Daily cigarette consumption (per smoker and per employee) and smoking prevalence. Results: Totally smoke-free workplaces are associated with reductions in prevalence of smoking of 3.8% (95% confidence interval 2.8% to 4.7%) and 3.1 (2.4 to 3.8) fewer cigarettes smoked per day per continuing smoker. Combination of the effects of reduced prevalence and lower consumption per continuing smoker yields a mean reduction of 1.3 cigarettes per day per employee, which corresponds to a relative reduction of 29%. To achieve similar reductions the tax on a pack of cigarettes would have to increase from $0.76 to $3.05 (€0.78 to €3.14) in the United States and from £3.44 to £6.59 (€5.32 to €10.20) in the United Kingdom. If all workplaces became smoke-free, consumption per capita in the entire population would drop by 4.5% in the United States and 7.6% in the United Kingdom, costing the tobacco industry $1.7 billion and £310 million annually in lost sales. To achieve similar reductions mx per pack would have to increase to $1.11 and £4.26. Conclusions: Smoke-free workplaces not only protect non-smokers from the dangers of passive smoking, they also encourage smokers to quit or to reduce consumption.
AB - Objective: To quantify the effects of smoke-free workplaces on smoking in employees and compare these effects to those achieved through tax increases. Design: Systematic review with a random effects meta-analysis. Study selection: 26 studies on the effects of smoke-free workplaces. Setting: Workplaces in the United States, Australia, Canada, and Germany. Participants: Employees in unrestricted and totally smoke-free workplaces. Main outcome measures: Daily cigarette consumption (per smoker and per employee) and smoking prevalence. Results: Totally smoke-free workplaces are associated with reductions in prevalence of smoking of 3.8% (95% confidence interval 2.8% to 4.7%) and 3.1 (2.4 to 3.8) fewer cigarettes smoked per day per continuing smoker. Combination of the effects of reduced prevalence and lower consumption per continuing smoker yields a mean reduction of 1.3 cigarettes per day per employee, which corresponds to a relative reduction of 29%. To achieve similar reductions the tax on a pack of cigarettes would have to increase from $0.76 to $3.05 (€0.78 to €3.14) in the United States and from £3.44 to £6.59 (€5.32 to €10.20) in the United Kingdom. If all workplaces became smoke-free, consumption per capita in the entire population would drop by 4.5% in the United States and 7.6% in the United Kingdom, costing the tobacco industry $1.7 billion and £310 million annually in lost sales. To achieve similar reductions mx per pack would have to increase to $1.11 and £4.26. Conclusions: Smoke-free workplaces not only protect non-smokers from the dangers of passive smoking, they also encourage smokers to quit or to reduce consumption.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 12142305
AN - SCOPUS:0037183182
SN - 0959-8146
VL - 325
SP - 188
EP - 191
JO - British Medical Journal
JF - British Medical Journal
IS - 7357
ER -