TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of ageing on neurocognitive function by stage of HIV infection
T2 - evidence from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study
AU - for the
AU - Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study
AU - Goodkin, Karl
AU - Miller, Eric N.
AU - Cox, Christopher
AU - Reynolds, Sandra
AU - Becker, James T.
AU - Martin, Eileen
AU - Selnes, Ola A.
AU - Ostrow, David G.
AU - Sacktor, Ned C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2017/9
Y1 - 2017/9
N2 - Background The demographics of the HIV epidemic in the USA have shifted towards older age. We aimed to establish the relationship between the processes of ageing and HIV infection in neurocognitive impairment. Methods With longitudinal data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, a long-term prospective cohort study of the natural and treated history of HIV infection among men who have sex with men in the USA, we examined the effect of ageing, HIV infection (by disease stage), and their interaction on five neurocognitive domains: information processing speed, executive function, episodic memory, working memory, and motor function. We controlled for duration of serostatus in a subanalysis, as well as comorbidities and other factors that affect cognition. Analyses were by linear mixed models for longitudinal data. Findings 5086 participants (47 886 visits) were included in the analytic sample (2278 HIV-seropositive participants contributed 20 477 visits and 2808 HIV-seronegative control participants contributed 27 409 visits). In an a-priori multivariate analysis with control variables including comorbidities and time since seroconversion, significant, direct negative effects of ageing were noted on all neurocognitive domains (p<0·0001 for all). Similar effects were noted for late-stage HIV disease progression on information processing speed (p=0·002), executive function (p<0·0001), motor function (p<0·0001), and working memory (p=0·001). Deleterious interaction effects were also noted in the domains of episodic memory (p=0·03) and motor function (p=0·02). Interpretation A greater than expected effect of ageing on episodic memory and motor function with advanced stages of HIV infection suggests that these two domains are most susceptible to the progression of neurocognitive impairment caused by ageing in individuals with HIV. This deficit pattern suggests differential damage to the hippocampus and basal ganglia (specifically nigrostriatal pathways). Older individuals with HIV infection should be targeted for regular screening for HIV-associate neurocognitive disorder, particularly with tests referable to the episodic memory and motor domains. Funding National Institute of Mental Health.
AB - Background The demographics of the HIV epidemic in the USA have shifted towards older age. We aimed to establish the relationship between the processes of ageing and HIV infection in neurocognitive impairment. Methods With longitudinal data from the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study, a long-term prospective cohort study of the natural and treated history of HIV infection among men who have sex with men in the USA, we examined the effect of ageing, HIV infection (by disease stage), and their interaction on five neurocognitive domains: information processing speed, executive function, episodic memory, working memory, and motor function. We controlled for duration of serostatus in a subanalysis, as well as comorbidities and other factors that affect cognition. Analyses were by linear mixed models for longitudinal data. Findings 5086 participants (47 886 visits) were included in the analytic sample (2278 HIV-seropositive participants contributed 20 477 visits and 2808 HIV-seronegative control participants contributed 27 409 visits). In an a-priori multivariate analysis with control variables including comorbidities and time since seroconversion, significant, direct negative effects of ageing were noted on all neurocognitive domains (p<0·0001 for all). Similar effects were noted for late-stage HIV disease progression on information processing speed (p=0·002), executive function (p<0·0001), motor function (p<0·0001), and working memory (p=0·001). Deleterious interaction effects were also noted in the domains of episodic memory (p=0·03) and motor function (p=0·02). Interpretation A greater than expected effect of ageing on episodic memory and motor function with advanced stages of HIV infection suggests that these two domains are most susceptible to the progression of neurocognitive impairment caused by ageing in individuals with HIV. This deficit pattern suggests differential damage to the hippocampus and basal ganglia (specifically nigrostriatal pathways). Older individuals with HIV infection should be targeted for regular screening for HIV-associate neurocognitive disorder, particularly with tests referable to the episodic memory and motor domains. Funding National Institute of Mental Health.
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U2 - 10.1016/S2352-3018(17)30098-X
DO - 10.1016/S2352-3018(17)30098-X
M3 - Article
C2 - 28716545
AN - SCOPUS:85023746746
SN - 2352-3018
VL - 4
SP - e411-e422
JO - The Lancet HIV
JF - The Lancet HIV
IS - 9
ER -