TY - JOUR
T1 - Early-stage gallbladder cancer in the surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database
T2 - Effect of extended surgical resection
AU - Downing, Stephanie R.
AU - Cadogan, Kerry Ann
AU - Ortega, Gezzer
AU - Oyetunji, Tolulope A.
AU - Siram, Suryanarayana M.
AU - Chang, David C.
AU - Ahuja, Nita
AU - Leffall, La Salle D.
AU - Frederick, Wayne A.I.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2011 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 2011/6
Y1 - 2011/6
N2 - Hypothesis: Extended surgical resection (ESR) may improve survival in patients with early-stage primary gallbladder cancer. Design: Retrospective analysis of findings in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Setting: Academic research. Patients: Individuals with potentially surgically curable gallbladder cancer (Tis, T1, or T2) who underwent a surgical procedure. Main Outcome Measures: Overall survival, number of lymph nodes (LNs) excised, and results of simple cholecystectomy vs ESR. Results:Weidentified 3209 patients with early-stage gallbladder cancer (11.7% Tis, 30.1% T1, and 58.2% T2). On multivariate analysis, decreased survival was noted among patients older than 60 years (hazard ratio, 1.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.30-1.90), among patients with more advanced cancer (1.99; 1.46-2.70 for T1; 3.29; 2.45-4.43 for T2), and among patients with disease-positive LNs (1.65; 1.39-1.95 for regional; 2.58; 1.54-4.34 for distant) (P<.001 for all), while increased survival was observed among female patients (0.82; 0.70-0.96; P=.02) and among patients undergoing ESR (0.59; 0.45-0.78; P<.001). The survival advantage of ESR was seen only in patients with T2 lesions (0.49; 0.35-0.68; P<.001). Lymph node excision data were available for a subset of 2507 patients, of whom 68.2% had no LN excised, 28.2% had 1 to 4 LNs excised, and 3.6% had 5 or more LNs excised. On multivariate analysis, patients with 1 to 4 LNs excised had a survival benefit over those with no LN excised (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.46-0.66; P<.001), and patients with 5 or more LNs excised had a survival benefit over patients with 1 to 4 LNs removed (0.63; 0.40-0.96; P=.03). Lymph node excision improved survival in patients with T2 lesions (0.42; 0.33-0.53; P<.001 for patients with 1-4 LNs excised). Conclusion: Extended surgical resection, LN excision, or both may improve survival in certain patients with incidentally discovered gallbladder cancer.
AB - Hypothesis: Extended surgical resection (ESR) may improve survival in patients with early-stage primary gallbladder cancer. Design: Retrospective analysis of findings in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Setting: Academic research. Patients: Individuals with potentially surgically curable gallbladder cancer (Tis, T1, or T2) who underwent a surgical procedure. Main Outcome Measures: Overall survival, number of lymph nodes (LNs) excised, and results of simple cholecystectomy vs ESR. Results:Weidentified 3209 patients with early-stage gallbladder cancer (11.7% Tis, 30.1% T1, and 58.2% T2). On multivariate analysis, decreased survival was noted among patients older than 60 years (hazard ratio, 1.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.30-1.90), among patients with more advanced cancer (1.99; 1.46-2.70 for T1; 3.29; 2.45-4.43 for T2), and among patients with disease-positive LNs (1.65; 1.39-1.95 for regional; 2.58; 1.54-4.34 for distant) (P<.001 for all), while increased survival was observed among female patients (0.82; 0.70-0.96; P=.02) and among patients undergoing ESR (0.59; 0.45-0.78; P<.001). The survival advantage of ESR was seen only in patients with T2 lesions (0.49; 0.35-0.68; P<.001). Lymph node excision data were available for a subset of 2507 patients, of whom 68.2% had no LN excised, 28.2% had 1 to 4 LNs excised, and 3.6% had 5 or more LNs excised. On multivariate analysis, patients with 1 to 4 LNs excised had a survival benefit over those with no LN excised (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.46-0.66; P<.001), and patients with 5 or more LNs excised had a survival benefit over patients with 1 to 4 LNs removed (0.63; 0.40-0.96; P=.03). Lymph node excision improved survival in patients with T2 lesions (0.42; 0.33-0.53; P<.001 for patients with 1-4 LNs excised). Conclusion: Extended surgical resection, LN excision, or both may improve survival in certain patients with incidentally discovered gallbladder cancer.
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U2 - 10.1001/archsurg.2011.128
DO - 10.1001/archsurg.2011.128
M3 - Article
C2 - 21690451
AN - SCOPUS:79959369118
SN - 2168-6254
VL - 146
SP - 734
EP - 738
JO - JAMA Surgery
JF - JAMA Surgery
IS - 6
ER -