TY - JOUR
T1 - Drugs age-of-onset as a signal of later post-traumatic stress disorder
T2 - Bayesian analysis of a census protocol
AU - The Trauma, Anxiety Disorders Study Group-TADSG
AU - Santos, Lene L.
AU - Netto, Liana R.
AU - Cavalcanti-Ribeiro, Patrícia
AU - Pereira, Juliana L.
AU - Souza-Marques, Breno
AU - Argolo, Felipe
AU - Lira, Sidnei B.
AU - Fontes, Gabriel
AU - Moreira, Esdras C.
AU - Anthony, James C.
AU - Koenen, Karestan C.
AU - Quarantini, Lucas C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2022/2
Y1 - 2022/2
N2 - Individuals with PTSD have an increased risk of drug use disorders. Conversely, we aim to evaluate how early onset of alcohol, tobacco and psychoactive drugs use are associated with PTSD later in life. 2,193 brazilian young adults completed modularized assessments: The Trauma History Questionnaire, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C, transformed to PCL-5 through a crosswalk procedure), the Barratt Impulsivity Scale; and a survey on drug use with self-report questions about first use, current use, frequency, quantity, and interpersonal consequences. Bayesian inference and multivariate regression models were used to examine the effects on the risk of PTSD, considering different assumptions of information flow. Raw and unbiased (multivariate) estimates consistently revealed that earlier age of onset of alcohol and tobacco use increased risk for PTSD (Odds-ratios between 2.39 and 3.19 (Alcohol) and 1.82 to 2.05 (Tobacco). Among those who had PTSD (3 1 0), 10.3% (32) were very precocious at the onset age (12 to 18 years) of alcohol consumption (No-PTSD: 89 out 1883, 4.7%). Data supports a model in which age of onset effects are partially mediated by the number of trauma exposures. Early intoxication might suggest vulnerability for qualifying trauma events, or it may increase chances of exposure. Also, PTSD may be more likely to occur among trauma-exposed individuals with early intoxicating experiences due to alcohol or drug self-administration. The last possibility resonates with the idea that early intoxication might disrupt adolescent brain development, with a subsequent reduction in resilience when qualifying trauma events occur.
AB - Individuals with PTSD have an increased risk of drug use disorders. Conversely, we aim to evaluate how early onset of alcohol, tobacco and psychoactive drugs use are associated with PTSD later in life. 2,193 brazilian young adults completed modularized assessments: The Trauma History Questionnaire, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C, transformed to PCL-5 through a crosswalk procedure), the Barratt Impulsivity Scale; and a survey on drug use with self-report questions about first use, current use, frequency, quantity, and interpersonal consequences. Bayesian inference and multivariate regression models were used to examine the effects on the risk of PTSD, considering different assumptions of information flow. Raw and unbiased (multivariate) estimates consistently revealed that earlier age of onset of alcohol and tobacco use increased risk for PTSD (Odds-ratios between 2.39 and 3.19 (Alcohol) and 1.82 to 2.05 (Tobacco). Among those who had PTSD (3 1 0), 10.3% (32) were very precocious at the onset age (12 to 18 years) of alcohol consumption (No-PTSD: 89 out 1883, 4.7%). Data supports a model in which age of onset effects are partially mediated by the number of trauma exposures. Early intoxication might suggest vulnerability for qualifying trauma events, or it may increase chances of exposure. Also, PTSD may be more likely to occur among trauma-exposed individuals with early intoxicating experiences due to alcohol or drug self-administration. The last possibility resonates with the idea that early intoxication might disrupt adolescent brain development, with a subsequent reduction in resilience when qualifying trauma events occur.
KW - Alcohol consumption age onset
KW - Drugs age-of-onset
KW - Posttraumatic stress disorder
KW - Use of alcohol and other substances
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U2 - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107131
DO - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.107131
M3 - Article
C2 - 34763301
AN - SCOPUS:85118790860
SN - 0306-4603
VL - 125
JO - Addictive Behaviors
JF - Addictive Behaviors
M1 - 107131
ER -