TY - JOUR
T1 - Dose-dependent effect of mammographic breast density on the risk of contralateral breast cancer
AU - Chowdhury, Marzana
AU - Euhus, David
AU - O’Donnell, Maureen
AU - Onega, Tracy
AU - Choudhary, Pankaj K.
AU - Biswas, Swati
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgements This work was supported in part by the National Cancer Institute-funded Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (HHSN261201100031C). The collection of cancer and vital status data used in this study was supported in part by several state public health departments and cancer registries throughout the US. For a full description of these sources, please see: http://breastscreening.cance r.gov/work/acknowledgement.html. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Cancer Institute or the National Institutes of Health. We thank the participating women, mammography facilities, and radiologists for the data they have provided for this study. You can learn more about the BCSC at: http://www.bcsc-research.org/. We thank Linn Abraham for providing BCSC data-related support. We are also thankful to an anonymous reviewer for providing constructive comments, which led to an improved version of the paper.
Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the National Cancer Institute-funded Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (HHSN261201100031C). The collection of cancer and vital status data used in this study was supported in part by several state public health departments and cancer registries throughout the US. For a full description of these sources, please see: http://breastscreening.cancer.gov/work/acknowledgement.html. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Cancer Institute or the National Institutes of Health. We thank the participating women, mammography facilities, and radiologists for the data they have provided for this study. You can learn more about the BCSC at: http://www.bcsc-research.org/. We thank Linn Abraham for providing BCSC data-related support. We are also thankful to an anonymous reviewer for providing constructive comments, which led to an improved version of the paper.
Funding Information:
Funding This work was funded by the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health (Grant Number R21 CA186086). This work was also supported in part by the National Cancer Institute-funded Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium (HHSN261201100031C).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2018/7/1
Y1 - 2018/7/1
N2 - Purpose: Increased mammographic breast density is a significant risk factor for breast cancer. It is not clear if it is also a risk factor for the development of contralateral breast cancer. Methods: The data were obtained from Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium and included women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ between ages 18 and 88 and years 1995 and 2009. Each case of contralateral breast cancer was matched with three controls based on year of first breast cancer diagnosis, race, and length of follow-up. A total of 847 cases and 2541 controls were included. The risk factors included in the study were mammographic breast density, age of first breast cancer diagnosis, family history of breast cancer, anti-estrogen treatment, hormone replacement therapy, menopausal status, and estrogen receptor status, all from the time of first breast cancer diagnosis. Both univariate analysis and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis were performed. Results: In the final multivariate model, breast density, family history of breast cancer, and anti-estrogen treatment remained significant with p values less than 0.01. Increasing breast density had a dose-dependent effect on the risk of contralateral breast cancer. Relative to ‘almost entirely fat’ category of breast density, the adjusted odds ratios (and p values) in the multivariate analysis for ‘scattered density,’ ‘heterogeneously dense,’ and ‘extremely dense’ categories were 1.65 (0.036), 2.10 (0.002), and 2.32 (0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Breast density is an independent and significant risk factor for development of contralateral breast cancer. This risk factor should contribute to clinical decision making.
AB - Purpose: Increased mammographic breast density is a significant risk factor for breast cancer. It is not clear if it is also a risk factor for the development of contralateral breast cancer. Methods: The data were obtained from Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium and included women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer or ductal carcinoma in situ between ages 18 and 88 and years 1995 and 2009. Each case of contralateral breast cancer was matched with three controls based on year of first breast cancer diagnosis, race, and length of follow-up. A total of 847 cases and 2541 controls were included. The risk factors included in the study were mammographic breast density, age of first breast cancer diagnosis, family history of breast cancer, anti-estrogen treatment, hormone replacement therapy, menopausal status, and estrogen receptor status, all from the time of first breast cancer diagnosis. Both univariate analysis and multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis were performed. Results: In the final multivariate model, breast density, family history of breast cancer, and anti-estrogen treatment remained significant with p values less than 0.01. Increasing breast density had a dose-dependent effect on the risk of contralateral breast cancer. Relative to ‘almost entirely fat’ category of breast density, the adjusted odds ratios (and p values) in the multivariate analysis for ‘scattered density,’ ‘heterogeneously dense,’ and ‘extremely dense’ categories were 1.65 (0.036), 2.10 (0.002), and 2.32 (0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Breast density is an independent and significant risk factor for development of contralateral breast cancer. This risk factor should contribute to clinical decision making.
KW - Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium
KW - Breast density
KW - Contralateral breast cancer
KW - Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85048268082&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85048268082&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10549-018-4736-8
DO - 10.1007/s10549-018-4736-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 29511964
AN - SCOPUS:85048268082
SN - 0167-6806
VL - 170
SP - 143
EP - 148
JO - Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
JF - Breast Cancer Research and Treatment
IS - 1
ER -