Distinct genetic pathways define pre-malignant versus compensatory clonal hematopoiesis in Shwachman-Diamond syndrome

Alyssa L. Kennedy, Kasiani C. Myers, James Bowman, Christopher J. Gibson, Nicholas D. Camarda, Elissa Furutani, Gwen M. Muscato, Robert H. Klein, Kaitlyn Ballotti, Shanshan Liu, Chad E. Harris, Ashley Galvin, Maggie Malsch, David Dale, John M. Gansner, Taizo A. Nakano, Alison Bertuch, Adrianna Vlachos, Jeffrey M. Lipton, Paul CastilloJames Connelly, Jane Churpek, John R. Edwards, Nobuko Hijiya, Richard H. Ho, Inga Hofmann, James N. Huang, Siobán Keel, Adam Lamble, Bonnie W. Lau, Maxim Norkin, Elliot Stieglitz, Wendy Stock, Kelly Walkovich, Steffen Boettcher, Christian Brendel, Mark D. Fleming, Stella M. Davies, Edie A. Weller, Christopher Bahl, Scott L. Carter, Akiko Shimamura, R. Coleman Lindsley

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

To understand the mechanisms that mediate germline genetic leukemia predisposition, we studied the inherited ribosomopathy Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS), a bone marrow failure disorder with high risk of myeloid malignancies at an early age. To define the mechanistic basis of clonal hematopoiesis in SDS, we investigate somatic mutations acquired by patients with SDS followed longitudinally. Here we report that multiple independent somatic hematopoietic clones arise early in life, most commonly harboring heterozygous mutations in EIF6 or TP53. We show that germline SBDS deficiency establishes a fitness constraint that drives selection of somatic clones via two distinct mechanisms with different clinical consequences. EIF6 inactivation mediates a compensatory pathway with limited leukemic potential by ameliorating the underlying SDS ribosome defect and enhancing clone fitness. TP53 mutations define a maladaptive pathway with enhanced leukemic potential by inactivating tumor suppressor checkpoints without correcting the ribosome defect. Subsequent development of leukemia was associated with acquisition of biallelic TP53 alterations. These results mechanistically link leukemia predisposition to germline genetic constraints on cellular fitness, and provide a rational framework for clinical surveillance strategies.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number1334
JournalNature communications
Volume12
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 1 2021
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Chemistry
  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
  • General Physics and Astronomy

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