Differentiated Care Preferences of Stable Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Zambia: A Discrete Choice Experiment

Ingrid Eshun-Wilson, Mpande Mukumbwa-Mwenechanya, Hae Young Kim, Arianna Zannolini, Chanda P. Mwamba, David Dowdy, Estella Kalunkumya, Mwansa Lumpa, Laura K. Beres, Monika Roy, Anjali Sharma, Steph M. Topp, Dave V. Glidden, Nancy Padian, Peter Ehrenkranz, Izukanji Sikazwe, Charles B. Holmes, Carolyn Bolton-Moore, Elvin H. Geng

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

17 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background: Although differentiated service delivery (DSD) models for stable patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) offer a range of health systems innovations, their comparative desirability to patients remains unknown. We conducted a discrete choice experiment to quantify service attributes most desired by patients to inform model prioritization. Methods: Between July and December 2016, a sample of HIV-positive adults on ART at 12 clinics in Zambia were asked to choose between 2 hypothetical facilities that differed across 6 DSD attributes. We used mixed logit models to explore preferences, heterogeneity, and trade-offs. Results: Of 486 respondents, 59% were female and 85% resided in urban locations. Patients strongly preferred infrequent clinic visits [3- vs. 1-month visits: β (ie, relative utility) = 2.84; P < 0.001]. Milder preferences were observed for waiting time for ART pick-up (1 vs. 6 hours.; β = -0.67; P < 0.001) or provider (1 vs. 3 hours.; β = -0.41; P = 0.002); "buddy" ART collection (β = 0.84; P < 0.001); and ART pick-up location (clinic vs. community: β = 0.35; P = 0.028). Urban patients demonstrated a preference for collecting ART at a clinic (β = 1.32, P < 0.001), and although most rural patients preferred community ART pick-up (β = -0.74, P = 0.049), 40% of rural patients still preferred facility ART collection. Conclusions: Stable patients on ART primarily want to attend clinic infrequently, supporting a focus in Zambia on optimizing multimonth prescribing over other DSD features - particularly in urban areas. Substantial preference heterogeneity highlights the need for DSD models to be flexible, and accommodate both setting features and patient choice in their design.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)540-546
Number of pages7
JournalJournal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes
Volume81
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 15 2019

Keywords

  • HIV
  • antiretroviral therapy
  • differentiated care
  • discrete choice
  • preference

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology (medical)

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