Diagnosis of visceral organ injury

Background: Visceral organ injury is a major threat to the trauma patient and because physical examination alone may not suffice, several diagnostic modalities have been developed. Methods: The major modalities used in the diagnosis of visceral organ injury - diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL), computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound - are discussed with respect to their historical development and to the current status of their use in the diagnosis of visceral organ injury. Results: The advantages and disadvantages of each of these diagnostic modalities are delineated and backed up with concrete data. Conclusions: There is no single best diagnostic option in trauma care. Surgeons must be familiar with each of these modalities and employ them purposefully to assure a fast, accurate diagnosis and a high level of care.