TY - JOUR
T1 - Current WHO guidelines and the critical role of immunohistochemical markers in the subclassification of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)
T2 - Moving from targeted therapy to immunotherapy
AU - Osmani, Lais
AU - Askin, Frederic
AU - Gabrielson, Edward
AU - Li, Qing Kay
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is partially supported by Drs. Ji and Li Family Cancer Research Foundation and NCI U01 CA152813-06 (QKL).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2018/10
Y1 - 2018/10
N2 - Recent large scale genomic studies from the Clinical Lung Cancer Genome Project have identified different driver gene mutations in the subtypes of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). These findings not only lead to remarkable progress in targeted therapies for lung cancer patients, but also provide fundamental knowledge for the subclassification of NSCLC. More recently, the advancement and clinical application of immunotherapy have reinforced the need for the accurate subclassification of NSCLC. In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) updated their guidelines for the subclassification of lung cancers. These guidelines emphasize: (1) the subclassification of NSCLC, (2) the critical role of molecular characterization of tumors for targeted therapy, (3) the unique terminology for subclassifying NSCLC using small biopsy specimens, and (4) the utility of IHC biomarkers in the accurate diagnosis and subclassification of lung cancer. The guidelines have significant prognostic impact on oncologic practice and patient care. In this review, we summarize the current WHO guidelines for the classification of lung cancer, discuss advancements of targeted therapy and immunotherapy, and address the utility and limitation of immunomarkers in the subclassification of NSCLC, as well as the prospective future of the field.
AB - Recent large scale genomic studies from the Clinical Lung Cancer Genome Project have identified different driver gene mutations in the subtypes of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). These findings not only lead to remarkable progress in targeted therapies for lung cancer patients, but also provide fundamental knowledge for the subclassification of NSCLC. More recently, the advancement and clinical application of immunotherapy have reinforced the need for the accurate subclassification of NSCLC. In 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer (IASLC) updated their guidelines for the subclassification of lung cancers. These guidelines emphasize: (1) the subclassification of NSCLC, (2) the critical role of molecular characterization of tumors for targeted therapy, (3) the unique terminology for subclassifying NSCLC using small biopsy specimens, and (4) the utility of IHC biomarkers in the accurate diagnosis and subclassification of lung cancer. The guidelines have significant prognostic impact on oncologic practice and patient care. In this review, we summarize the current WHO guidelines for the classification of lung cancer, discuss advancements of targeted therapy and immunotherapy, and address the utility and limitation of immunomarkers in the subclassification of NSCLC, as well as the prospective future of the field.
KW - EGFR mutations
KW - Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy
KW - Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)
KW - PD-L1 immunotherapy
KW - Targeted therapy
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U2 - 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.019
DO - 10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.019
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29183778
AN - SCOPUS:85035217874
SN - 1044-579X
VL - 52
SP - 103
EP - 109
JO - Seminars in Cancer Biology
JF - Seminars in Cancer Biology
ER -