@article{e3a54b8f56404bbab6c4822ca71ae3d4,
title = "Crx, a novel Otx-like paired-homeodomain protein, binds to and transactivates photoreceptor cell-specific genes",
abstract = "The otd/Otx gene family encodes paired-like homeodomain proteins that are involved in the regulation of anterior head structure and sensory organ development. Using the yeast one-hybrid screen with a bait containing the Ret 4 site from the bovine rhodopsin promoter, we have cloned a new member of the family, Crx (Cone rod homeobox). Crx encodes a 299 amino acid residue protein with a paired-like homeodomain near its N terminus. In the adult, it is expressed predominantly in photoreceptors and pinealocytes. In the developing mouse retina, it is expressed by embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5). Recombinant Crx binds in vitro not only to the Ret 4 site but also to the Ret 1 and BAT-1 sites. In transient transfection studies, Crx transactivates rhodopsin promoter-reporter constructs. Its activity is synergistic with that of Nrl. Crx also binds to and transactivates the genes for several other photoreceptor cell-specific proteins (interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein, β-phosphodiesterase, and arrestin). Human Crx maps to chromosome 19q13.3, the site of a cone rod dystrophy (CORDII). These studies implicate Crx as a potentially important regulator of photoreceptor cell development and gene expression and also identify it as a candidate gene for CORDII and other retinal diseases.",
author = "Shiming Chen and Wang, {Qing Liang} and Zuqin Nie and Hui Sun and Gregory Lennon and Copeland, {Neal G.} and Gilbert, {Debra J.} and Jenkins, {Nancy A.} and Zack, {Donald J.}",
note = "Funding Information: The authors wish to thank Dr. Ruben Adler and Jing Guo for stimulating discussions and providing chick retinal cell cultures; Drs. Jeremy Nathans, Daniel Nathans, Alnawaz Rehemtulla and Anand Swaroop, Ching-Hua Sung, Kuan Teh-Jeang, and Mark Showers for generously providing oligomers specific for human visual pigments, the human collagenase promoter construct, pMT-NRL, the bovine retina cDNA-GAL4 fusion library, CMV-βgal, and RSV-Luc, respectively; Deborah B. Householder for excellent technical assistance; and Mary Anderson and Dr. Jinghua Chang for useful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by funds from the National Eye Institute (EY09769 and core grant EY01765); The Foundation Fighting Blindness; unrestricted funds from Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc.; the Rebecca P. Moon, Charles M. Moon, Jr., and Dr. P. Thomas Manchester Research Fund; and the National Cancer Institute, DHHS, under contract with ABL. S. C. is the recipient of an award from the Knights Templer Foundation. D. J. Z. is a recipient of a Career Development Award from Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc. ",
year = "1997",
month = nov,
doi = "10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80394-3",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "19",
pages = "1017--1030",
journal = "Neuron",
issn = "0896-6273",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "5",
}