TY - JOUR
T1 - Cortical morphology in patients with the deficit and non-deficit syndrome of schizophrenia
T2 - a worldwide meta- and mega-analyses
AU - Banaj, Nerisa
AU - Vecchio, Daniela
AU - Piras, Fabrizio
AU - De Rossi, Pietro
AU - Bustillo, Juan
AU - Ciufolini, Simone
AU - Dazzan, Paola
AU - Di Forti, Marta
AU - Dickie, Erin W.
AU - Ford, Judith M.
AU - Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola
AU - Gruber, Oliver
AU - Guerrero-Pedraza, Amalia
AU - Hamilton, Holly K.
AU - Howells, Fleur M.
AU - Kraemer, Bernd
AU - Lawrie, Stephen M.
AU - Mathalon, Daniel H.
AU - Murray, Robin
AU - Pomarol-Clotet, Edith
AU - Potkin, Steven G.
AU - Preda, Adrian
AU - Radua, Joaquim
AU - Richter, Anja
AU - Salvador, Raymond
AU - Sawa, Akira
AU - Scheffler, Freda
AU - Sim, Kang
AU - Spaniel, Filip
AU - Stein, Dan J.
AU - Temmingh, Henk S.
AU - Thomopoulos, Sophia I.
AU - Tomecek, David
AU - Uhlmann, Anne
AU - Voineskos, Aristotle
AU - Yang, Kun
AU - Jahanshad, Neda
AU - Thompson, Paul M.
AU - Van Erp, Theo G.M.
AU - Turner, Jessica A.
AU - Spalletta, Gianfranco
AU - Piras, Federica
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).
PY - 2023/10
Y1 - 2023/10
N2 - Converging evidence suggests that schizophrenia (SZ) with primary, enduring negative symptoms (i.e., Deficit SZ (DSZ)) represents a distinct entity within the SZ spectrum while the neurobiological underpinnings remain undetermined. In the largest dataset of DSZ and Non-Deficit (NDSZ), we conducted a meta-analysis of data from 1560 individuals (168 DSZ, 373 NDSZ, 1019 Healthy Controls (HC)) and a mega-analysis of a subsampled data from 944 individuals (115 DSZ, 254 NDSZ, 575 HC) collected across 9 worldwide research centers of the ENIGMA SZ Working Group (8 in the mega-analysis), to clarify whether they differ in terms of cortical morphology. In the meta-analysis, sites computed effect sizes for differences in cortical thickness and surface area between SZ and control groups using a harmonized pipeline. In the mega-analysis, cortical values of individuals with schizophrenia and control participants were analyzed across sites using mixed-model ANCOVAs. The meta-analysis of cortical thickness showed a converging pattern of widespread thinner cortex in fronto-parietal regions of the left hemisphere in both DSZ and NDSZ, when compared to HC. However, DSZ have more pronounced thickness abnormalities than NDSZ, mostly involving the right fronto-parietal cortices. As for surface area, NDSZ showed differences in fronto-parietal-temporo-occipital cortices as compared to HC, and in temporo-occipital cortices as compared to DSZ. Although DSZ and NDSZ show widespread overlapping regions of thinner cortex as compared to HC, cortical thinning seems to better typify DSZ, being more extensive and bilateral, while surface area alterations are more evident in NDSZ. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that DSZ and NDSZ are characterized by different neuroimaging phenotypes, supporting a nosological distinction between DSZ and NDSZ and point toward the separate disease hypothesis.
AB - Converging evidence suggests that schizophrenia (SZ) with primary, enduring negative symptoms (i.e., Deficit SZ (DSZ)) represents a distinct entity within the SZ spectrum while the neurobiological underpinnings remain undetermined. In the largest dataset of DSZ and Non-Deficit (NDSZ), we conducted a meta-analysis of data from 1560 individuals (168 DSZ, 373 NDSZ, 1019 Healthy Controls (HC)) and a mega-analysis of a subsampled data from 944 individuals (115 DSZ, 254 NDSZ, 575 HC) collected across 9 worldwide research centers of the ENIGMA SZ Working Group (8 in the mega-analysis), to clarify whether they differ in terms of cortical morphology. In the meta-analysis, sites computed effect sizes for differences in cortical thickness and surface area between SZ and control groups using a harmonized pipeline. In the mega-analysis, cortical values of individuals with schizophrenia and control participants were analyzed across sites using mixed-model ANCOVAs. The meta-analysis of cortical thickness showed a converging pattern of widespread thinner cortex in fronto-parietal regions of the left hemisphere in both DSZ and NDSZ, when compared to HC. However, DSZ have more pronounced thickness abnormalities than NDSZ, mostly involving the right fronto-parietal cortices. As for surface area, NDSZ showed differences in fronto-parietal-temporo-occipital cortices as compared to HC, and in temporo-occipital cortices as compared to DSZ. Although DSZ and NDSZ show widespread overlapping regions of thinner cortex as compared to HC, cortical thinning seems to better typify DSZ, being more extensive and bilateral, while surface area alterations are more evident in NDSZ. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that DSZ and NDSZ are characterized by different neuroimaging phenotypes, supporting a nosological distinction between DSZ and NDSZ and point toward the separate disease hypothesis.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41380-023-02221-w
DO - 10.1038/s41380-023-02221-w
M3 - Article
C2 - 37644174
AN - SCOPUS:85169021050
SN - 1359-4184
VL - 28
SP - 4363
EP - 4373
JO - Molecular psychiatry
JF - Molecular psychiatry
IS - 10
ER -