TY - JOUR
T1 - Convergence of humans, bats, trees, and culture in Nipah virus transmission, Bangladesh
AU - Gurley, Emily S.
AU - Hegde, Sonia T.
AU - Hossain, Kamal
AU - Sazzad, Hossain M.S.
AU - Hossain, M. Jahangir
AU - Rahman, Mahmudur
AU - Yushuf Sharker, M. A.
AU - Salje, Henrik
AU - Islam, M. Saiful
AU - Epstein, Jonathan H.
AU - Khan, Salah U.
AU - Kilpatrick, A. Marm
AU - Daszak, Peter
AU - Luby, Stephen P.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by a grant from the US National Science Foundation/National Institutes of Health (2R01-TW005869 for Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases). The governments of Australia, Bangladesh, Canada, Sweden, and the United Kingdom provided core/unrestricted support for the icddr,b.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All rights reserved.
PY - 2017/9
Y1 - 2017/9
N2 - Preventing emergence of new zoonotic viruses depends on understanding determinants for human risk. Nipah virus (NiV) is a lethal zoonotic pathogen that has spilled over from bats into human populations, with limited person-to-person transmission. We examined ecologic and human behavioral drivers of geographic variation for risk of NiV infection in Bangladesh. We visited 60 villages during 2011–2013 where cases of infection with NiV were identified and 147 control villages. We compared case villages with control villages for most likely drivers for risk of infection, including number of bats, persons, and date palm sap trees, and human date palm sap consumption behavior. Case villages were similar to control villages in many ways, including number of bats, persons, and date palm sap trees, but had a higher proportion of households in which someone drank sap. Reducing human consumption of sap could reduce virus transmission and risk for emergence of a more highly transmissible NiV strain.
AB - Preventing emergence of new zoonotic viruses depends on understanding determinants for human risk. Nipah virus (NiV) is a lethal zoonotic pathogen that has spilled over from bats into human populations, with limited person-to-person transmission. We examined ecologic and human behavioral drivers of geographic variation for risk of NiV infection in Bangladesh. We visited 60 villages during 2011–2013 where cases of infection with NiV were identified and 147 control villages. We compared case villages with control villages for most likely drivers for risk of infection, including number of bats, persons, and date palm sap trees, and human date palm sap consumption behavior. Case villages were similar to control villages in many ways, including number of bats, persons, and date palm sap trees, but had a higher proportion of households in which someone drank sap. Reducing human consumption of sap could reduce virus transmission and risk for emergence of a more highly transmissible NiV strain.
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U2 - 10.3201/eid2309.161922
DO - 10.3201/eid2309.161922
M3 - Article
C2 - 28820130
AN - SCOPUS:85030263727
SN - 1080-6040
VL - 23
SP - 1446
EP - 1453
JO - Emerging infectious diseases
JF - Emerging infectious diseases
IS - 9
ER -