TY - JOUR
T1 - Complex Carbohydrates in Drug Development
AU - Schnaar, Ronald L.
N1 - Funding Information:
I am most grateful to my colleagues Brian K. Brandley, H. Edward Conrad, John Klock, James A. Mahoney, Leila K. Needham, Saul Roseman, Patti Swank-Hill, Rodney E. Willoughby, and Robert K. Yu for critical readings of the manuscript, and to Suzanne Yang and Stephen Schnaar for assistance in manuscript preparation. Financial support from the National Institutes of Health, the American Cancer Society, and the National Multiple Sclerosis Society is most appreciated. This article is dedicated to my mentor, Dr. Saul Roseman, whose vision in carbohydrate biochemistry and function has inspired two generations of colleagues and students.
PY - 1992/1/1
Y1 - 1992/1/1
N2 - Recent advances in carbohydrate chemistry and biochemistry afford the opportunity to develop bioactive complex carbohydrates, per se, as drugs or as lead compounds in drug development. Complex carbohydrates are unique among biopolymers in their inherent potential to generate diverse molecular structures. While proteins vary only in the linear sequence of their monomer constituents, individual monosaccharides can combine at any of several sites on each carbohydrate ring, in linear or branched arrays, and with varied stereochemistry at each linkage bond. This chapter addresses some salient features of mammalian glycoconjugate structure and biosynthesis, and presents examples of the biological activities of complex carbohydrates. The chapter presents selected examples that will provide an accurate introduction to their pharmacological potential. In addition to their independent functions, oligosaccharides can modify the activities of proteins to which they are covalently attached. Many glycoprotein enzymes and hormones require glycosylation for expression and function. The chapter discusses the ancillary role of carbohydrates that is of great importance to the use of engineered glycoproteins as pharmaceuticals.
AB - Recent advances in carbohydrate chemistry and biochemistry afford the opportunity to develop bioactive complex carbohydrates, per se, as drugs or as lead compounds in drug development. Complex carbohydrates are unique among biopolymers in their inherent potential to generate diverse molecular structures. While proteins vary only in the linear sequence of their monomer constituents, individual monosaccharides can combine at any of several sites on each carbohydrate ring, in linear or branched arrays, and with varied stereochemistry at each linkage bond. This chapter addresses some salient features of mammalian glycoconjugate structure and biosynthesis, and presents examples of the biological activities of complex carbohydrates. The chapter presents selected examples that will provide an accurate introduction to their pharmacological potential. In addition to their independent functions, oligosaccharides can modify the activities of proteins to which they are covalently attached. Many glycoprotein enzymes and hormones require glycosylation for expression and function. The chapter discusses the ancillary role of carbohydrates that is of great importance to the use of engineered glycoproteins as pharmaceuticals.
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U2 - 10.1016/S1054-3589(08)60962-X
DO - 10.1016/S1054-3589(08)60962-X
M3 - Article
C2 - 1540539
AN - SCOPUS:0026466427
SN - 1054-3589
VL - 23
SP - 35
EP - 84
JO - Advances in Pharmacology
JF - Advances in Pharmacology
IS - C
ER -