TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison of Cervical Cancer Screen Results on Female-to-Male Transgender Patients With Female Patients
AU - Davis, Katelynn
AU - Kwon, Regina
AU - Graham, Ashleigh
AU - White, Marissa
AU - Maleki, Zahra
AU - Rodriguez, Erika
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Society for Clinical Pathology, 2021. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/4/1
Y1 - 2022/4/1
N2 - Objectives: There are limited data on cervical screen results from female-to-male (FTM) transgender patients. Herein, we compiled demographic information and cervical screen testing on FTM transgender patients and compared with age-appropriate controls. Methods: A search of our previous and current databases was performed for Papanicolaou (Pap) tests from patients taking testosterone and/or with a diagnosis of gender dysphoria, transsexualism, or transvestism. Patient data were reviewed. Relative risks of abnormal Pap smear and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection were calculated against age-matched controls. Results: Eighty-nine Pap tests from FTM transgender individuals were identified, with a mean age of 31.3 years (range, 21-60 years). The Pap test diagnoses were distributed as follows: negative for intraepithelial lesion (n = 84, 94.4%), atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (n = 0), low-grade intraepithelial lesion (n = 4, 4.5%), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (n = 1, 1.1%). Fifty (56.2%) patients had concurrent high-risk HPV testing with four (8%) positive results. Relative risk was 0.625 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25-1.59; P =. 32) for an abnormal Pap test and 0.55 (95% CI, 0.19-1.52; P =. 24) for HPV compared with 267 age-matched controls. Of note, 13.5% of patients older than 21 years had documentation of never having a prior Pap test in our medical record. Conclusions: In our study, FTM transgender individuals were not at a higher or lower risk of HPV infection or abnormal Pap test result compared with women. However, larger studies are needed to support our findings.
AB - Objectives: There are limited data on cervical screen results from female-to-male (FTM) transgender patients. Herein, we compiled demographic information and cervical screen testing on FTM transgender patients and compared with age-appropriate controls. Methods: A search of our previous and current databases was performed for Papanicolaou (Pap) tests from patients taking testosterone and/or with a diagnosis of gender dysphoria, transsexualism, or transvestism. Patient data were reviewed. Relative risks of abnormal Pap smear and human papillomavirus (HPV) infection were calculated against age-matched controls. Results: Eighty-nine Pap tests from FTM transgender individuals were identified, with a mean age of 31.3 years (range, 21-60 years). The Pap test diagnoses were distributed as follows: negative for intraepithelial lesion (n = 84, 94.4%), atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (n = 0), low-grade intraepithelial lesion (n = 4, 4.5%), and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (n = 1, 1.1%). Fifty (56.2%) patients had concurrent high-risk HPV testing with four (8%) positive results. Relative risk was 0.625 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.25-1.59; P =. 32) for an abnormal Pap test and 0.55 (95% CI, 0.19-1.52; P =. 24) for HPV compared with 267 age-matched controls. Of note, 13.5% of patients older than 21 years had documentation of never having a prior Pap test in our medical record. Conclusions: In our study, FTM transgender individuals were not at a higher or lower risk of HPV infection or abnormal Pap test result compared with women. However, larger studies are needed to support our findings.
KW - Cervical cancer screening test
KW - Female-to-male transgender patients
KW - HPV infection
KW - Pap test
KW - Transgender patients
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U2 - 10.1093/ajcp/aqab158
DO - 10.1093/ajcp/aqab158
M3 - Article
C2 - 34617991
AN - SCOPUS:85128161418
SN - 0002-9173
VL - 157
SP - 540
EP - 545
JO - American journal of clinical pathology
JF - American journal of clinical pathology
IS - 4
ER -