Comparative efficacy of topical gatifloxacin with ciprofloxacin, amikacin, and clarithromycin in the treatment of experimental Mycobacterium chelonae keratitis

Joon Young Hyon, Myung Jin Joo, Stacey Hose, Debasish Sinha, James D. Dick, Terrence P. O'Brien

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

31 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: To determine the comparative efficacy of topical gatifloxacin with ciprofloxacin, fortified amikacin, and clarithromycin against Mycobacterium chelonae keratitis in an animal model. Methods: Experimental M chelonae keratitis was induced via intrastromal inoculation in a rabbit model. Thirty-five rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups and each group was treated hourly for 12 hours with topical 0.9% balanced salt solution, 0.3% gatifloxacin, 0.3% ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, a combination of topical fortified amikacin sulfate (50 mg/mL) and clarithromycin (10 mg/mL), or a triple combination of topical 0.3% gatifloxacin, fortified amikacin sulfate (50 mg/mL), and clarithromycin (10 mg/mL). Antibacterial efficacy of each regimen was determined by quantitative bacteriologic analysis. Results: Treatment with 0.3% gatifloxacin or the triple combination of 0.3% gatifloxacin, topical fortified amikacin sulfate (50 mg/mL), and clarithromycin (10 mg/mL) reduced the number of mycobacterial organisms more significantly than the controls that were treated with a topical balanced salt solution (both P<.001). Therapy with 0.3% gatifloxacin was more effective than 0.3% ciprofloxacin alone (P<.001) and demonstrated synergy by enhancing the efficacy of the combination of fortified amikacin (50 mg/mL) and clarithromycin (10 mg/mL) (P<.001). Neither 0.3% ciprofloxacin nor the combination of fortified amikacin (50 mg/mL) and clarithromycin (10 mg/mL) demonstrated a significant difference in activity against mycobacteria compared with the topical balanced salt solution. Conclusion: These results suggest that topical 0.3% gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution can be a new initial treatment agent against M chelonae keratitis. Clinical Relevance: Topical gatifloxacin 0.3% may provide an initial alternative in thereapy of M chelonae keratitis.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1166-1169
Number of pages4
JournalArchives of ophthalmology
Volume122
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2004
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Ophthalmology

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