TY - JOUR
T1 - Clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of hiv preexposure prophylaxis in men who have sex with men
T2 - Risk calculators for real-world decision-making
AU - Chen, Anders
AU - Dowdy, David W.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Chen Dowdy.
PY - 2014/10/6
Y1 - 2014/10/6
N2 - Background: Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can be clinically effective and cost-effective for HIV prevention in highrisk men who have sex with men (MSM). However, individual patients have different risk profiles, real-world populations vary, and no practical tools exist to guide clinical decisions or public health strategies. We introduce a practical model of HIV acquisition, including both a personalized risk calculator for clinical management and a cost-effectiveness calculator for population-level decisions.Methods:We developed a decision-analytic model of PrEP for MSM. The primary clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness outcomes were the number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one HIV infection, and the cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. We characterized patients according to risk factors including PrEP adherence, condom use, sexual frequency, background HIV prevalence and antiretroviral therapy use.Results:With standard PrEP adherence and national epidemiologic parameters, the estimated NNT was 64 (95% uncertainty range: 26, 176) at a cost of $160,000 (cost saving, $740,000) per QALY - comparable to other published models. With high (35%) HIV prevalence, the NNT was 35 (21, 57), and cost per QALY was $27,000 (cost saving, $160,000), and with high PrEP adherence, the NNT was 30 (14, 69), and cost per QALY was $3,000 (cost saving, $200,000). In contrast, for monogamous, serodiscordant relationships with partner antiretroviral therapy use, the NNT was 90 (39, 157) and cost per QALY was $280,000 ($14,000, $670,000).Conclusions: PrEP results vary widely across individuals and populations. Risk calculators may aid in patient educationclinical decision-making and cost-effectiveness evaluation.
AB - Background: Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) can be clinically effective and cost-effective for HIV prevention in highrisk men who have sex with men (MSM). However, individual patients have different risk profiles, real-world populations vary, and no practical tools exist to guide clinical decisions or public health strategies. We introduce a practical model of HIV acquisition, including both a personalized risk calculator for clinical management and a cost-effectiveness calculator for population-level decisions.Methods:We developed a decision-analytic model of PrEP for MSM. The primary clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness outcomes were the number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one HIV infection, and the cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. We characterized patients according to risk factors including PrEP adherence, condom use, sexual frequency, background HIV prevalence and antiretroviral therapy use.Results:With standard PrEP adherence and national epidemiologic parameters, the estimated NNT was 64 (95% uncertainty range: 26, 176) at a cost of $160,000 (cost saving, $740,000) per QALY - comparable to other published models. With high (35%) HIV prevalence, the NNT was 35 (21, 57), and cost per QALY was $27,000 (cost saving, $160,000), and with high PrEP adherence, the NNT was 30 (14, 69), and cost per QALY was $3,000 (cost saving, $200,000). In contrast, for monogamous, serodiscordant relationships with partner antiretroviral therapy use, the NNT was 90 (39, 157) and cost per QALY was $280,000 ($14,000, $670,000).Conclusions: PrEP results vary widely across individuals and populations. Risk calculators may aid in patient educationclinical decision-making and cost-effectiveness evaluation.
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U2 - 10.1371/journal.pone.0108742
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0108742
M3 - Article
C2 - 25285793
AN - SCOPUS:84907856684
SN - 1932-6203
VL - 9
JO - PloS one
JF - PloS one
IS - 10
M1 - e108742
ER -