@inbook{0999d8b54d434bbb99af8c6e13a101b5,
title = "Chapter 1 Roles of Caldesmon in Cell Motility and Actin Cytoskeleton Remodeling",
abstract = "Caldesmon (CaD) is a multimodular protein that regulates contractility and actin cytoskeleton remodeling in smooth muscle and nonmuscle cells. A single gene (CALD1) encodes high molecular mass CaD (h-CaD) and low molecular mass CaD (l-CaD) by alternative splicings. The h-CaD exclusively expresses in smooth muscle, whereas the l-CaD ubiquitously expresses in all cell types except skeletal muscle. The h-CaD/l-CaD ratio could be a marker for monitoring differentiating and pathological states of smooth muscles. The l-CaD associates with stress fibers and membrane ruffles in nonmuscle cells and with the actin core of podosomes in highly motile/invasive cells. Together with tropomyosin, CaD stabilizes actin filaments and inhibits actin-tropomyosin-activated myosin ATPase activity. This inhibition can be effectively released by Ca2+-calmodulin and/or by phosphorylation with various kinases. Through its interactions with a spectrum of actin-binding proteins, CaD modulates dynamics of cortical actin networks and stress fibers, which are essential to cell motility and cytoskeleton rearrangement. Regulation of CaD level and its activity may provide a novel strategy for gene therapy.",
author = "Lin, {Jim Jung Ching} and Yan Li and Eppinga, {Robbin D.} and Qinchuan Wang and Jin, {Jian Ping}",
note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank J. L‐C. Lin, J‐Y. Choi, W. Pierce, J. Sholley, A. Matveia, and A. Van Winkle for their technical assistance. This work was supported by NIH grants HD18577 and HL76810 to J.J.‐C.L. and grant HL086720 to J.‐P. J. Copyright: Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",
year = "2009",
doi = "10.1016/S1937-6448(08)02001-7",
language = "English (US)",
isbn = "9780123748058",
series = "International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology",
number = "C",
pages = "1--68",
booktitle = "International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology",
edition = "C",
}