Bioorthogonal chemistry for pre-targeted molecular imaging-progress and prospects

The aim of this perspective is to critically review the three most prominent bioorthogonal reactions that are used presently, on both a purely chemical level and in the context of biological systems. This includes the uses both for synthesis of therapeutic molecules, modification of large biomolecules or antibodies, and in particular, the exciting use in the field of 'pre-targeting', for both possible treatment and imaging technologies. We will compare the validity of each reaction when compared to others, and their usefulness in biological systems, as each methodology has clear advantages over the others in differing environments.