@article{e992dbddedc54158b066415c3b042b1d,
title = "Biological sex impacts COVID-19 outcomes",
abstract = "The current novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is revealing profound differences between men and women in disease outcomes worldwide. In the United States, there has been inconsistent reporting and analyses of male-female differences in COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths. We seek to raise awareness about the male-biased severe outcomes from COVID-19, highlighting the mechanistic differences including in the expression and activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as well as in antiviral immunity. We also highlight how sex differences in comorbidities, which can be associated with both age and race, impact male-biased outcomes from COVID-19.",
author = "Klein, {Sabra L.} and Santosh Dhakal and Ursin, {Rebecca L.} and Sharvari Deshpande and Kathryn Sandberg and Franck Mauvais-Jarvis",
note = "Funding Information: This study was funded by NIH/ORWH/ NIA Specialized Center of Research Excellence in Sex Differences grant U54AG062333 to SK and SD; NIH/NIDDK grants DK107444 and DK074970, and a U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Merit Award no. BX003725 to FMJ; NIH/NHLBI grants R01-HL119380 and R01-HL121456 to KS; and grant no. T32A1007417 from the Molecular and Cellular Basis of Infectious Diseases to RU. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Klein et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",
year = "2020",
month = jun,
doi = "10.1371/journal.ppat.1008570",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "16",
journal = "PLoS Pathogens",
issn = "1553-7366",
publisher = "Public Library of Science",
number = "6",
}