TY - JOUR
T1 - Bactericidal Efficacy of High Irradiance Ultraviolet A Photoactivation of Riboflavin Versus Standard Corneal Cross-Linking Protocol in Vitro
AU - Tarff, Andreina
AU - Drew-Bear, Laura E.
AU - Yee, Rebecca
AU - Cano, Marisol
AU - Zhang, Ying
AU - Behrens, Ashley
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.
PY - 2022/9/1
Y1 - 2022/9/1
N2 - Purpose:The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of high ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiance photoactivation of riboflavin (vitamin B2) versus the standard corneal cross-linking protocol on bacterial viability.Methods:Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) Newman strain and methicillin-resistant multidrug-resistant S. aureus (MDR-MRSA) USA300, CA409, CA127, GA656, and NY315 strains were exposed to a UVA energy dose of 5.4 to 6 J/cm2by 2 high irradiance regimens: A) 30 mW/cm2for 3 minutes and B) 10 mW/cm2for 10 minutes with B2 0.1%. Control groups included B2/UVA alone, CA409 exposed to standard B2 0.1% + UVA (3 mW/cm2for 30 minutes), and an untreated sample. Cell viability was assessed. Triplicate values were obtained. The Mann-Whitney test and Student t test were used for statistical analysis.Results:There was no difference comparing the median bacterial load (log CFU/mL) of the untreated samples versus regimen A: Newman P = 0.7, CA409 P = 0.3, USA300 P = 0.5, CA127 P = 0.6, GA656 P = 0.1, and NY315 P = 0.2 (P ≥ 0.1); and B: Newman P= 0.1, CA409 P = 0.3, USA300 P = 0.4, CA127 P = 0.6, GA656 P = 0.1, and NY315 P = 0.3 (P ≥ 0.1). Standard regimen killed 100% of CA409.Conclusions:Photoactivation of B2 by high UVA irradiance does not seem to be effective for bacterial eradication in this study.
AB - Purpose:The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of high ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiance photoactivation of riboflavin (vitamin B2) versus the standard corneal cross-linking protocol on bacterial viability.Methods:Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) Newman strain and methicillin-resistant multidrug-resistant S. aureus (MDR-MRSA) USA300, CA409, CA127, GA656, and NY315 strains were exposed to a UVA energy dose of 5.4 to 6 J/cm2by 2 high irradiance regimens: A) 30 mW/cm2for 3 minutes and B) 10 mW/cm2for 10 minutes with B2 0.1%. Control groups included B2/UVA alone, CA409 exposed to standard B2 0.1% + UVA (3 mW/cm2for 30 minutes), and an untreated sample. Cell viability was assessed. Triplicate values were obtained. The Mann-Whitney test and Student t test were used for statistical analysis.Results:There was no difference comparing the median bacterial load (log CFU/mL) of the untreated samples versus regimen A: Newman P = 0.7, CA409 P = 0.3, USA300 P = 0.5, CA127 P = 0.6, GA656 P = 0.1, and NY315 P = 0.2 (P ≥ 0.1); and B: Newman P= 0.1, CA409 P = 0.3, USA300 P = 0.4, CA127 P = 0.6, GA656 P = 0.1, and NY315 P = 0.3 (P ≥ 0.1). Standard regimen killed 100% of CA409.Conclusions:Photoactivation of B2 by high UVA irradiance does not seem to be effective for bacterial eradication in this study.
KW - corneal cross-linking
KW - keratitis
KW - riboflavin
KW - ultraviolet light
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U2 - 10.1097/ICO.0000000000003031
DO - 10.1097/ICO.0000000000003031
M3 - Article
C2 - 35849757
AN - SCOPUS:85135599263
SN - 0277-3740
VL - 41
SP - 1166
EP - 1170
JO - Cornea
JF - Cornea
IS - 9
ER -