@article{579446cecbf349fdb9968277779420b0,
title = "Back to the future: Re-establishing Guinea pig in vivo asthma models",
abstract = "Research using animal models of asthma is currently dominated by mouse models. This has been driven by the comprehensive knowledge on inflammatory and immune reactions in mice, as well as tools to produce genetically modified mice. Many of the identified therapeutic targets influencing airway hyper-responsiveness and inflammation in mouse models, have however been disappointing when tested clinically in asthma. It is therefore a great need for new animal models that more closely resemble human asthma. The Guinea pig has for decades been used in asthma research and a comprehensive table of different protocols for asthma models is presented. The studies have primarily been focused on the pharmacological aspects of the disease, where the Guinea pig undoubtedly is superior to mice. Further reasons are the anatomical and physiological similarities between human and Guinea pig airways compared with that of the mouse, especially with respect to airway branching, neurophysiology, pulmonary circulation and smooth muscle distribution, as well as mast cell localization and mediator secretion. Lack of reagents and specific molecular tools to study inflammatory and immunological reactions in the Guinea pig has however greatly diminished its use in asthma research. The aim in this position paper is to review and summarize what we know about different aspects of the use of Guinea pig in vivo models for asthma research. The associated aim is to highlight the unmet needs that have to be addressed in the future.",
author = "Mikael Adner and Canning, {Brendan J.} and Herman Meurs and William Ford and Ram{\'i}rez, {Patricia Ramos} and {van den Berg}, {Mariska P.M.} and Birrell, {Mark A.} and Eva Stoffels and Lundblad, {Lennart K.A.} and Nilsson, {Gunnar P.} and Olsson, {Henric K.} and Belvisi, {Maria G.} and Dahl{\'e}n, {Sven Erik}",
note = "Funding Information: The Swedish Heart-Lung foundation, the Swedish Research Council – Medicine and Health, the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research, and the ChAMP consortium which is funded by the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (SSF), Karolinska Institutet, AstraZeneca and Science for Life Laboratory Joint Research Collaboration, and the V{\aa}rdal Foundation. Funding Information: The guinea pig genome was sequenced as part of the Mammalian Genome Project funded by the National Institutes of Health and performed at the Broad Institute, Cambridge MA. It was originally sequenced at a low coverage, 2×, but was in 2008 sequenced to 7× coverage with 95.55% of the bases assembled. The guinea pig genome is provided by the UCSC genome browser (http://hgdownload.cse.ucsc.edu/downloads.html#guinea pig) or through Ensembl (http://www.ensembl.org/Cavia porcellus/Info/Index?db=core). Although the high-coverage, 7×, ensure increased accuracy for genome analysis it might be necessary to increase the coverage further, e.g., by PacBio assembly to reach 30× and >99% accuracy, especially for the analysis of immunoregulatory genes and other complex regions of interest for asthma research. In addition to the original sequence of Cavia porcellus the genome of Cavia aperea is now also sequenced and available. Furthermore, the Guinea Pig Genome Project at Broad is planning to obtain low coverage of additional guinea pig strains (https://www.broadinstitute.org/guinea-pig/guinea-pig-genome-project). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Author(s).",
year = "2020",
month = jun,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1042/CS20200394",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "134",
pages = "1219--1242",
journal = "Clinical Science",
issn = "0143-5221",
publisher = "Portland Press Ltd.",
number = "11",
}